Q.68
ICAR AIEEA PG Plant Sciences 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper
MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1
English हिन्दी

Which of the following is involved in the transfer of amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome for protein synthesis?

प्रोटीन संश्लेषण के लिए साइटोप्लाज्म से राइबोसोम तक अमीनो एसिड के स्थानांतरण में

निम्नलिखित में से कौन शामिल है?

EXPLANATION Host-Pathogen Interaction: Infection Process, Toxins, Enzymes and Defense Mechanisms

Transfer RNA (tRNA), originally termed the 'soluble RNA' or 'adaptor molecule' by Francis Crick, performs two essential roles in translation:

  • Its $3'$-CCA terminus covalently binds a specific activated amino acid catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
  • Its anticodon loop reads the triplet mRNA codon at the ribosomal A-site, thereby shuttling individual amino acids from the cytoplasmic pool to the elongating polypeptide chain on the ribosome.
Hence, tRNA is the molecule involved.

स्थानांतरण आरएनए (tRNA), जिसे फ्रांसिस क्रिक ने 'अनुकूलक अणु' (Adaptor molecule) कहा था, प्रोटीन संश्लेषण (अनुवाद/Translation) के दौरान साइटोप्लाज्म से सक्रिय अमीनो एसिड को अपने $3'$ सिरे पर ग्रहण करता है और राइबोसोम पर mRNA के कोडॉन के अनुसार उन्हें पॉलीपेप्टाइड श्रृंखला में जोड़ने हेतु स्थानांतरित करता है।

  • mRNA आनुवंशिक संदेश वहन करता है।
  • rRNA राइबोसोम का संरचनात्मक और उत्प्रेरक (पेप्टिडिल ट्रांसफेरेज) घटक है।
अतः सही उत्तर tRNA है।
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