Which of the following statements reflect challenges in the...

All Subjects General Agriculture, Biology, Plant Protection & Statistical Methods Micro & Macro Economics, Agricultural Marketing and Trade Farm Management, Production Economics & Agricultural Finance Extension Education, Rural Development & Rural Sociology Communication, Cyber Extension, Diffusion of Innovations & Training

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Sciences 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

MCQ (Single Correct)

which of the following levels is ATMA registered and carrying out its routine administrative activities?

निम्नलिखित में से किस स्तर पर आत्मा (ATMA) पंजीकृत है और अपनी नियमित गतिविधियां संचालित करती है?

Block level प्रखंड स्तर State level राज्य स्तर District level जिला स्तर Village level ग्राम स्तर

Structure of ATMA:

District Level (Correct): The Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) is a registered autonomous society established at the DISTRICT level under the Societies Registration Act. It coordinates extension activities among line departments (Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Fisheries) and research agencies (KVKs, ZRS) in the district under the District Collector/Magistrate.
Block Level: Supported by the Block Technology Team (BTT) and Farmer Advisory Committee (FAC).
State Level: Coordinated by SAMETI (State Agricultural Management and Extension Training Institute) and the State Inter-Departmental Working Group (IDWG).

आत्मा (ATMA) की संगठनात्मक संरचना:

जिला स्तर (सही विकल्प): कृषि प्रौद्योगिकी प्रबंधन एजेंसी (ATMA) जिला स्तर पर सोसायटी पंजीकरण अधिनियम के तहत पंजीकृत एक स्वायत्त संस्था है। यह जिले में कृषि, उद्यान, पशुपालन विभागों और KVK के मध्य समन्वय स्थापित कर जिला कृषि कार्य योजना (SREP) लागू करती है।
प्रखंड स्तर: ब्लॉक स्तर पर BTT और FAC इसकी सहयोगी इकाइयां हैं।
राज्य स्तर: राज्य स्तर पर इसका मार्गदर्शन SAMETI द्वारा किया जाता है।

Explanation not matching this question? क्या व्याख्या इस प्रश्न से मेल नहीं खा रही? Report

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Sciences 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

Assertion & Reason

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A) : India has experienced a drastic rise in educational level among its population in the past three decades.

Reason (R) : The differences in educational attainment between males and females have shrunk.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

नीचे दो कथन दिए गए हैं, एक को अभिकथन (A) और दूसरे को कारण (R) के रूप में लेबल किया गया है:

अभिकथन (A) : पिछले तीन दशकों में भारत में अपनी जनसंख्या के बीच शैक्षिक स्तर में अत्यधिक वृद्धि देखी गई है।

कारण (R) : पुरुषों और महिलाओं के बीच शैक्षिक उपलब्धि का अंतर कम हुआ है।

उपर्युक्त कथनों के आलोक में, नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सबसे उपयुक्त उत्तर चुनें:

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (A) और (R) दोनों सही हैं और (R), (A) की सही व्याख्या है। Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A). (A) और (R) दोनों सही हैं लेकिन (R), (A) की सही व्याख्या नहीं है। (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (A) सही है लेकिन (R) सही नहीं है। (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (A) सही नहीं है लेकिन (R) सही है।

Evaluation of educational assertions:

Assertion (A) is correct: Over the past three decades (from Census 1991 to Census 2011 and recent NSO/NFHS-5 surveys), India's national literacy rate surged from ~52% in 1991 to over 77.7%, accompanied by universal elementary enrolment under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and the Right to Education Act.
Reason (R) is correct: Female literacy grew faster than male literacy, substantially narrowing the male-female literacy gap (from 24.8% in 1991 to 16.6% in 2011 and further down in recent surveys).
Explanation: While gender gap reduction is an important dimension of educational progress, the overall drastic rise in educational attainment was driven by systemic factors (state investments, school infrastructure expansion, Mid-Day Meal scheme, and economic growth), meaning (R) is not the sole or direct causal explanation of (A).

Thus, both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).

शैक्षिक रुझानों का विश्लेषण:

अभिकथन (A) सही है: 1991 से अब तक भारत में समग्र साक्षरता दर 52% से बढ़कर 77% से अधिक हो गई है, तथा स्कूल नामांकन में उल्लेखनीय वृद्धि हुई है।
कारण (R) सही है: महिला साक्षरता में तीव्र वृद्धि के कारण स्त्री-पुरुष साक्षरता का अंतर निरंतर घटा है।
व्याख्या: यद्यपि दोनों तथ्य सत्य हैं, किंतु समग्र शैक्षिक विस्तार का मुख्य कारण सर्व शिक्षा अभियान, विद्यालयों की उपलब्धता और मध्याह्न भोजन जैसी सरकारी नीतियां रही हैं, अतः (R) अकेले (A) की संपूर्ण व्याख्या नहीं करता।

अतः (A) और (R) दोनों सही हैं लेकिन (R), (A) की सही व्याख्या नहीं है।

Explanation not matching this question? क्या व्याख्या इस प्रश्न से मेल नहीं खा रही? Report

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Sciences 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

MCQ (Single Correct)

'Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana' (PMKSY) can fulfill the mission of:

'प्रधानमंत्री कृषि सिंचाई योजना' (PMKSY) किस मिशन को पूरा करती है?

Water conservation only केवल जल संरक्षण Mitigation of flood disaster बाढ़ आपदा का न्यूनीकरण Per drop more crop प्रति बूंद अधिक फसल Dam construction बांध निर्माण

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Sciences 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

Match the Following

Match List-I with List-II:

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

सूची-I को सूची-II से सुमेलित कीजिए:

नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर चुनें:

List - I सूची - I Organisation / Author संगठन / विचारक		List - II सूची - II Initiation / Conceptualisation Year वर्ष
A	USDA USDA	I	1962 1962
B	J. P. Leagans जे. पी. लीगन (J. P. Leagans)	II	1949 1949
C	Kelsey and Hearne केल्सी और हर्न (Kelsey and Hearne)	III	1961 1961
D	Lawrence लॉरेंस (Lawrence)	IV	1956 1956

(A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III) (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III) (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV) (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV) (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III) (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III) (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I) (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Sciences 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

MCQ (Single Correct)

Which of the following statements reflect challenges in the formation and strengthening of Producer Organisations (POs)?
(A) Inclusion of weaker sections or non-participating members in the activities of Producer Organisations (PO)
(B) Facilitating organizational development processes in enhancing the capacities of Producer Organisations (PO) or Rural Advisory Services (RAS)
(C) Mobilizing internal resources through an enhanced membership base and efficient use of external and internal resources
(D) Enabling the members to develop the attitude of considering the Producer Organisations as their own
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-से कथन उत्पादक संगठनों (Producer Organisations - POs) के गठन और सुदृढ़ीकरण में आने वाली चुनौतियों को दर्शाते हैं?
(A) उत्पादक संगठनों की गतिविधियों में कमजोर वर्गों या गैर-भागीदार सदस्यों का समावेश
(B) उत्पादक संगठनों (PO) या ग्रामीण सलाहकार सेवाओं (RAS) की क्षमताओं को बढ़ाने में संगठनात्मक विकास प्रक्रिया को सुगम बनाना
(C) विस्तृत सदस्यता आधार और बाह्य एवं आंतरिक संसाधनों के कुशल उपयोग के माध्यम से आंतरिक संसाधन जुटाना
(D) सदस्यों में उत्पादक संगठनों को अपना मानने का दृष्टिकोण (sense of ownership) विकसित करना
नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर चुनें:

(A) and (B) only केवल (A) और (B) and (C) only केवल (B) और (C) (A), (B), (C) and (D) (A), (B), (C) और (D) (D) only केवल (D)

Institutional challenges facing Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs/POs):

Inclusion: Ensuring active equity participation of small, marginal, and women farmers rather than dominance by local elites.
Capacity Building: Overcoming managerial deficits and building professional governance in business planning and compliance.
Financial Mobilization: Raising sufficient initial equity capital from members and securing working capital credit from commercial lenders.
Ownership and Loyalty: Fostering member patronage and a strong sense of collective ownership to prevent members from side-selling to private middlemen.
All four statements (A), (B), (C), and (D) represent genuine, multifaceted challenges in FPO development.

किसान उत्पादक संगठनों (FPOs) के समक्ष प्रमुख चुनौतियां:

समावेशिता: छोटे, सीमांत और महिला किसानों की सक्रिय भागीदारी सुनिश्चित करना।
संगठनात्मक विकास: पेशेवर प्रबंधन, विपणन कौशल और व्यावसायिक क्षमताओं का विकास करना।
वित्तीय संसाधन जुटाना: शेयर पूंजी जुटाना और बैंकों से कार्यशील पूंजी ऋण प्राप्त करना।
अपनत्व की भावना (Ownership): सदस्यों में यह विश्वास जगाना कि संगठन उन्हीं का है, ताकि वे निजी व्यापारियों की ओर न भटकें।

अतः (A), (B), (C) और (D) सभी कथन FPOs के प्रमुख संरचनात्मक और परिचालन संबंधी चुनौतियां हैं।

Explanation not matching this question? क्या व्याख्या इस प्रश्न से मेल नहीं खा रही? Report

General Agriculture, Biology, Plant Protection & Statistical Methods 24
Micro & Macro Economics, Agricultural Marketing and Trade 23
Farm Management, Production Economics & Agricultural Finance 25
Extension Education, Rural Development & Rural Sociology 22
Communication, Cyber Extension, Diffusion of Innovations & Training 26

General Agriculture, Biology, Plant Protection & Statistical Methods

8 Topics

Agronomy, Agro-Climatic Zones, Cropping Systems, Tillage and Soil Fertility Management Plant Physiology, Photosynthesis, Transpiration, Mineral Nutrition and Genetics Major Plant Diseases, Insect Pests, Weeds and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Historical Milestones, Agricultural Education, ICAR Institutes and Research Infrastructure Sampling Techniques, Hypothesis Testing (t-test, Z-test, Chi-square, F-test) and ANOVA Probability Distributions (Binomial, Poisson, Normal), Correlation and Linear Regression Descriptive Statistics: Measures of Central Tendency, Dispersion, Skewness and Kurtosis Experimental Field Designs: Principles, CRD, RBD, Latin Square and Factorial Experiments

Micro & Macro Economics, Agricultural Marketing and Trade

9 Topics

Consumer Behavior: Theory of Demand, Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility, Indifference Curves and Elasticity Macroeconomic Concepts: National Income Accounting (GDP, GNP, NNP), Circular Flow and Multiplier Theory of Supply, Production Costs (TC, AC, MC), Revenue Curves and Elasticity of Supply Money, Banking, Inflation (Demand-Pull, Cost-Push), Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy Market Structures: Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly and Pricing Agricultural Marketing: Definition, Scope, Market Structure, Conduct, Performance (SCP) and Integration International Trade in Agriculture: Absolute and Comparative Advantage, BoP, WTO and GATT Agreements Agricultural Price Policy: Minimum Support Price (MSP), CACP, Buffer Stocks, PDS and Market Schemes Marketing Channels, Market Intermediaries, Price Spread, Marketing Margins and Efficiency

Farm Management, Production Economics & Agricultural Finance

9 Topics

Rural Financial Institutions: Cooperative Banks, Commercial Banks, RRBs, NABARD, Microfinance and KCC Farm Planning, Budgeting (Partial, Complete), Break-Even Analysis and Cost Concepts (Cost A1, A2, B, C) Agricultural Finance: Nature, Scope, Principles of Agricultural Credit (3Rs, 5Cs, 7Ps) and Repayment Plans Factor-Factor Relationships: Isoquants, Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution (MRTS) and Least-Cost Farm Management: Definition, Scope, Farm Business Management Principles, Types and Systems of Farming Factor-Product Relationships: Total, Average, Marginal Physical Product and Optimum Input Level Risk and Uncertainty in Agriculture: Types of Risk, Management Strategies, Crop Insurance (PMFBY) and Hedging Agricultural Production Economics: Law of Diminishing Returns, Classical Function and Three Stages Product-Product Relationships: Production Possibility Curve (PPC), MRPS and Optimum Enterprise Combination

Extension Education, Rural Development & Rural Sociology

9 Topics

Extension Education: Philosophy, Objectives, Principles, Historical Evolution in India (Pre & Post Independence) Rural Sociology: Definition, Scope, Rural Social Institutions (Family, Caste, Religion), Stratification and Mobility Rural Development Programs: IRDP, MGNREGA, NRLM, PMGSY, DDU-GKY, Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana Active Educational Psychology: Learning Process, Principles of Adult Learning (Andragogy), Motivation and Attitudes Intensive Agricultural Programs: IADP, IAAP, HYVP, T&V System, KVKs, ATMA and NATP/NAIP Initiatives Social Groups, Social Interaction, Social Control, Social Change and Factors Influencing Rural Society Community Development Programme (CDP 1952), NES, Panchayati Raj System (73rd Amendment) and Decentralization Programme Planning: Principles, Steps in Programme Planning, Need Assessment, Plan of Work and Calendar Monitoring, Evaluation and Impact Assessment: Types of Evaluation, Social Audit, PRA and RRA Methodologies

Communication, Cyber Extension, Diffusion of Innovations & Training

8 Topics

Communication Process: Models of Communication (Aristotle, Shannon-Weaver, Berlo, Leagans) and Barriers Diffusion of Innovations: Innovation-Decision Process, Stages of Adoption, Rate of Adoption and Over-adoption Audio-Visual Aids: Classification, Cone of Experience (Edgar Dale), Selection, Production and Use Extension Teaching Methods: Individual, Group and Mass Contact Methods (Demonstrations, Field Days, Kisan Mela) Adopter Categories (Innovators, Early Adopters, Early Majority, Late Majority, Laggards) and Characteristics Training and Capacity Building: Training Needs Assessment (TNA), Training Methods, Experiential Learning and HRD Cyber Extension, ICT in Agriculture, e-Choupal, Kisan Call Centre, Agrisnet, Mobile Apps and Portals Agricultural Journalism: Principles of Writing for Print, Radio, TV, News Stories and Extension Literature

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Social Sciences Subjects

General Agriculture, Biology, Plant Protection & Statistical Methods

Micro & Macro Economics, Agricultural Marketing and Trade

Farm Management, Production Economics & Agricultural Finance

Extension Education, Rural Development & Rural Sociology

Communication, Cyber Extension, Diffusion of Innovations & Training

Previous Year Papers of Social Sciences

ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Social Sciences

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Science 14 July 2023 Shift-1 Paper

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Sciences 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

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Which of the following statements reflect challenges in the... | Agrigyan

Social Sciences Subjects

General Agriculture, Biology, Plant Protection & Statistical Methods

Micro & Macro Economics, Agricultural Marketing and Trade

Farm Management, Production Economics & Agricultural Finance

Extension Education, Rural Development & Rural Sociology

Communication, Cyber Extension, Diffusion of Innovations & Training

Previous Year Papers of Social Sciences

ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Social Sciences

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Science 14 July 2023 Shift-1 Paper

ICAR AIEEA PG Social Sciences 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

Choose Exam

RPSC Agriculture Exams

RSSB Agriculture Exams

National & PG Entrances