Q.1
In population, the mating together of individuals that are related to each other by ancestry is known as
- Inbreeding Defined: Inbreeding is the mating of individuals that are more closely related to each other by ancestry than the average relationship of individuals within the reference population.
- Genetic Consequences of Inbreeding:
- Increases homozygous genotype frequency ($AA$ and $aa$) while decreasing heterozygosity ($Aa$) at a rate of $F$ (inbreeding coefficient).
- Exposes detrimental recessive alleles, leading to inbreeding depression (reduced fertility, viability, and production).
- Distinctions:
- Pure breeding: Mating of animals within the same established breed.
- Crossbreeding: Mating of animals from two or more distinct pure breeds.
- Outbreeding: Mating of unrelated individuals within a breed (outcrossing) or between breeds.
Correct option: (3) Inbreeding
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