Dairy Engineering- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024

• Ante-Mortem Disease Diagnosis in Lairage:
• Clinical Lairage Examination:
• Performed within 24 hours of slaughter while animals are alive to detect systemic and zoonotic clinical infections.
• Rabies is readily diagnosed ante-mortem through acute neurological manifestations: behavioral aggressiveness, aimless wandering, excessive salivation, ataxia, abnormal bellowing, and hindquarter paralysis.
• Conversely, cirrhosis is diagnosed only post-mortem upon visceral liver slicing, and tuberculosis/brucellosis require serological testing or carcass lymph node examination.
• Conclusion: Rabies (Option 4).

Correct option: (4) Rabies

• Classification of Cottage Cheese:
• Cheese Typology:
• Cottage cheese is an acid-precipitated, washed-curd cheese manufactured from pasteurized skim milk with minimal rennet.
• High moisture content ($\gt 70 - 80\%$) with delicate, unfermented flavor.
• Categorized definitively as Soft and unripened (fresh cheese consumed without curing or aging).
• Conclusion: Soft and unripened (Option 1).

Correct option: (1) Soft and unripened

• Composition and Definition of Ghee:
• Clarified Butter Fat (Ghee):
• Manufactured by thermal clarification of butter or cream at $110 - 120^\circ\text{C}$ to evaporate moisture ($\lt 0.5\%$) and remove browned milk curd residue.
• Contains $\ge 99.5\%$ pure anhydrous milk fat, exhibiting granular texture and pleasant carmelized lactone/diacetyl aroma.
• Conclusion: Ghee (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) Ghee