• Mandatory AGMARK Certification for Agricultural Exports:
• Under the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937, compulsory pre-shipment quality inspection and AGMARK certification for export is mandated for high-value agricultural commodities to safeguard India's trade reputation:
• Wheat flour (Atta/Maida)
• Vegetable oils (Mustard, sesame, groundnut oil)
• Black pepper (and other whole/ground spices like cardamom, chillies)
• (A) Biscuits and (C) Baby foods are manufactured packaged food products regulated under FSSAI and BIS, not traditional agricultural AGMARK produce.
• Conclusion: (B), (D) and (E) only (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) (B), (D) and (E) only,

• Nutritional Energetics and Fatty Acid Profiles of Fats and Oils:
• Statement (I): Fats and oils provide the same amount of calories. $\implies$ Correct.
• Both solid fats (ghee, butter, lard) and liquid oils (mustard, sunflower, soybean oil) are composed of triglycerides yielding identical physiological energy densities of $9\text{ kcal/g}$ ($37\text{ kJ/g}$).
• Statement (II): Oils provide unsaturated fatty acids essential for health. $\implies$ Correct.
• Vegetable oils are rich in monounsaturated (MUFA, e.g., oleic acid) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, e.g., linoleic acid $\omega-6$ and $\alpha$-linolenic acid $\omega-3$), which cannot be synthesized by the human body and are essential for cardiovascular health and membrane fluidity.
• Conclusion: Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct (Option 1).

Correct option: (1) Both Statement (I) and Statement (I) are correct

• Dietary Fiber Recommendations in Diabetes Mellitus:
• Clinical Nutritional Guidelines (ICMR-NIN & ADA):
• High dietary fiber intake attenuates postprandial glycemic excursions by increasing gastrointestinal viscosity, slowing gastric emptying, and delaying intestinal glucose absorption.
• Recommended intake for adults with diabetes is $20\text{ g}$ of dietary fiber per $1,000\text{ kcal}$ of daily energy intake (translating to $40 - 50\text{ g/day}$ on a typical adult diet).
• Soluble viscous fibers (pectins, gums, beta-glucan) also bind bile acids, lowering circulating LDL cholesterol levels.
• Conclusion: 20 g per $1,000\text{ kcal}$ (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) 20

• Argemone mexicana Adulteration in Mustard:
• Physical Resemblance:
• Seeds of Argemone mexicana (Mexican prickly poppy) closely resemble black mustard (Brassica nigra) seeds, having similar size and dark color (argemone seeds have rough, pitted surfaces with a small pointed projection, whereas mustard seeds are smooth).
• Toxicology (Epidemic Dropsy):
• Argemone oil contains toxic alkaloids sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine.
• Consumption causes Epidemic Dropsy, characterized by extensive capillary dilation, fluid leakage, severe bilateral pitting leg edema, cardiac failure, and bilateral glaucoma.
• Conclusion: Argemone (Option 2).

Correct option: (2) Argemone