Quality Control

• Balance Wheel of Dairy Industry: Butter serves as the economic "balance wheel" of the dairy industry because excess seasonal surplus milk fat produced during the winter flush season is converted into storable butter and ghee, stabilizing raw milk market prices. (True)
• Salt as Preservative: In salted table butter, sodium chloride ($1.5\text{--}2.0\%$) dissolves in the aqueous moisture droplets, creating a hypertonic brine that suppresses bacterial proliferation and extends shelf life. (True)
• Incorrect Statements:
• is false because legal standards (FSSAI/Codex) require a minimum of $80\%$ milk fat (not $75\%$).
• is false because diacetyl is natural aroma (typically $1\text{--}4\text{ ppm}$) and is not regulated at 8 ppm.

Correct option: (2) (A) and (D) only.