Q.1
‘An eukaryote which can denitrify, employs this metabolism in its habitat, i.e. anoxic marine sediments is
EXPLANATION
Soil Nitrogen Transformations: Mineralization, Nitrification and Eukaryotic Denitrification
- Denitrification in Eukaryotes: While denitrification was historically thought to be restricted to bacteria and archaea, recent discoveries established that certain benthic eukaryotic protists can perform anaerobic nitrate respiration:
- The Foraminifer Globobulimina pseudospinescens: This deep-sea benthic foraminifer accumulates high intracellular nitrate concentrations ($\gt 150\text{ mM}$) and performs complete denitrification ($ ext{NO}_3^- \rightarrow ext{N}_2$) in anoxic marine sediment zones, using nitrate as an alternative terminal electron acceptor.
- Other Organisms:
- Dictyostelium discoideum: Cellular slime mold (soil aerobe).
- Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis: Chytrid fungal pathogen of amphibians.
- Ornithocercus magnificus: Marine dinoflagellate.
- Conclusion: Globobulimina pseudospinescens is the eukaryotic denitrifier in anoxic marine sediments (Option 4).
Correct option: (4) Globobulimina pseudospinescens
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