In which of the following nematode mucronate tail is present? | Agrigyan

• Sieve Mesh Specifications for Nematode Extraction:
• Mesh Opening Dimensions: Sieve mesh ratings define the number of wires per linear inch:
• 60 mesh: $\sim 250\,\mu\text{m}$
• 100 mesh: $\sim 150\,\mu\text{m}$
• 200 mesh: $\sim 75\,\mu\text{m}$
• 300 mesh: $53\,\mu\text{m}$ ($53\text{u}$) aperture opening, widely used to retain smaller juveniles and vermiform nematodes while discarding silt.
• 350 mesh: $\sim 45\,\mu\text{m}$
• 400 mesh: $\sim 38\,\mu\text{m}$
• Conclusion: The aperture size in a 300 mesh sieve is $53\,\mu\text{m}$ (Option 1).

Correct option: (1) 53y

• Predatory Nematodes in Biological Control:
• Seinura: An aphelenchoidid predator that injects paralyzing saliva via its stylet into victim nematodes, sucking out body fluids.
• Mononchus: A voracious predatory mononchid possessing a heavily sclerotized, barrel-shaped stoma armed with a massive dorsal tooth and rasping denticles to seize and swallow prey nematodes whole.
• Dorylaimus: Large dorylaimid nematode with an axial odontostyle capable of piercing and predating upon other nematodes, rotifers, and oligochaetes.
• Mononchoides: A diplogastrid predator armed with movable predatory stomal teeth that ruptures the cuticle of prey nematodes.
• Conclusion: All four genera (A), (B), (C), and (D) exhibit predatory feeding habits (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) (A), (B), (C) and (D).

• Esophageal Glands in the Genus Hoplolaimus:
• Tylenchid Pharyngeal Glands: Members of the order Tylenchida (including the lance nematode genus Hoplolaimus, family Hoplolaimidae) consistently possess 3 esophageal glands:

• One dorsal esophageal gland (DEG): Enlarged, opening into the lumen of the procorpus just behind the stylet knobs ($DGO$).
• Two subventral esophageal glands (SvEGs): Opening into the lumen of the median bulb (metacorpus).
  • Anatomical Overlap: In Hoplolaimus, all three glands form an extensive lobed mass that overlaps the intestine dorsally and laterally.

• Conclusion: There are 3 esophageal glands in Hoplolaimus (Option 1).