Match List-I (EPN species) with List-II (Bacterial symbiont):Choo... | Agrigyan

• Host-Nematode Associations:
• Pair-by-Pair Matching:
• Coconut $\rightarrow$ (II) Bursaphelenchus cocophilus: Red ring nematode, transmitted by palm weevils (Rhynchophorus palmarum), causing fatal red ring disease of coconut and oil palms.
• Barley $\rightarrow$ (I) Anguina radicicola: Root-gall nematode of grasses and barley, inducing distinct terminal root galls.
• Taro $\rightarrow$ (III) Hirschmanniella miticauda: Causes severe corm rot and black spongy rot of wetland taro (Colocasia esculenta).
• Walnut $\rightarrow$ (IV) Cacopaurus pestis: Sessile ectoparasite attacking Persian walnut trees, causing root decay and tree dieback.
• Correct Choice: Option 1 matches (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV).

Correct option: (1) (A)- (H), (B)- (0), (C) = (il), (D) = (V)

• Nematode Vectors of Plant Viruses:
• Dorylaimida (Nepoviruses):
• Longidorus: Needle nematodes transmitting Nepoviruses (e.g., Tomato black ring virus, Raspberry ringspot virus).
• Xiphinema: Dagger nematodes transmitting Nepoviruses (e.g., Grapevine fanleaf virus, Tobacco ringspot virus).
• Triplonchida (Tobraviruses):
• Trichodorus: Stubby-root nematodes transmitting Tobraviruses (Tobacco rattle virus - TRV, Pea early browning virus).
• Paratrichodorus: Stubby-root nematodes transmitting Tobraviruses.
• Conclusion: All four genera (A), (B), (C), and (D) are verified virus vectors (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) (A), (B), (C) and (D).

• Ufra Disease Symptoms in Rice (Ditylenchus angustus):
• Symptom Complex: Ditylenchus angustus is an obligate ectoparasitic foliar nematode infesting deepwater/lowland rice.
• Ufra-I vs Ufra-II:
• Ufra-I (Early attack / 'Pucca Ufra'): Nematodes feed on developing vegetative growing points and floral primordia inside the leaf sheath. At heading time, the emerging ears are completely trapped inside the twisted, crinkled boot leaf; the panicle fails to emerge, producing 100% sterile grain loss.
• Ufra-II (Late attack): Panicles emerge partially with twisted peduncles and partially filled grains.
• Conclusion: The primary feature of Ufra-I is that the panicle fails to emerge (Option 1).

Correct option: (1) Panicle fails to emerge