Q.1
Behavioural mechanism of ticks, which enables them to survive a harsh period of the seasonal cycle by ceasing activity is
known as
EXPLANATION
Acarology: Argasidae (Soft Ticks Biology, Argas persicus, Ornithodoros, Otobius megnini & Diapause)
- Mechanism Definition: Diapause is a genetically programmed state of developmental arrest or behavioral dormancy in ticks and insects, regulated by neuroendocrine mechanisms in response to environmental triggers (such as photoperiod and temperature).
- Functional Adaptation in Ticks: Diapause enables ixodid ticks to synchronize reproductive cycles, delay host-seeking (questing diapause) or morphogenetic development (morphogenetic diapause) during unfavorable arid, hot, or freezing seasons, ensuring survival until host availability and microclimate improve.
- Distinction from Other Terms:
- Hypobiosis: Arrested larval development within the tissues/gut of the vertebrate host (e.g., arrested L4 larvae in nematode trichostrongylids).
- Eclosion: The emergence of an adult insect from the pupal case or hatching of a larva from an egg.
- Hibernation: Physiological torpor in warm-blooded vertebrates during winter.
Correct option: (3) Diapause
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