Q.56
In what type of brackishwater fish farm, a feeder-cum-drainage channel is the most important and essential component ?
Aquatic Environmental Management- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024
Official ICAR JRF/SRF 2024 solved question paper with verified bilingual step-by-step solutions.
Q.57
Which type of refrigerant is commonly used in seafood processing plants?
Q.58
Which factor affects the drying time in dehydrating equipment for fish?
(A) Ambient temperature
(B) Fish size & species
(C) Humidity level
Q.59
Boundry between stratosphere and troposphere is called
Q.60
Which of the following is an example of biotic relationship ?
Aquatic Ecosystem, Biodiversity and Marine Ecology
3 Topics
Marine Biodiversity, Hotspots & Ecological Indices: Alpha/Beta/Gamma Diversity, Simpson & Shannon Indices, UNESCO Marine World Heritage (Sundarbans)
Coastal Geomorphology, Sandy Beaches & Marine Protected Areas: Reflective vs Dissipative Beaches, Coastal Zonation, MPAs (Holiday & Lothian Islands)
Aquatic Ecology, Estuaries & Wetland Conservation: Inland Lotic/Lentic Waters, Estuarine Hydrodynamics, Ramsar Convention & Secretariat (Gland)
Aquatic Pollution and Microbiology
5 Topics
Microplastics, Nanoparticles & Emerging Contaminants: Microplastic Entry Routes, Ingestion Hazards, Nanotoxicity & Coral Bleaching by Sunscreens
Bioremediation Technologies & Microbial Biogeochemistry: Microalgae Phycotechnology, Pollutant Biodegradation, Bio-Sensors & Antibiotic Resistance
Eutrophication, Nutrient Dynamics & Hypoxia: Nitrogen/Phosphorus Loading, Cultural Eutrophication, Algal Blooms & Dissolved Oxygen Depletion
Heavy Metal Ecotoxicology & Aquatic Bioaccumulation: Mercury, Cadmium, Lead Toxicity, Bioaccumulation Kinetics & Histopathological Symptoms
Aquatic Microbial Communities & Biofilm Ecology: Microflora Dynamics, Biofilms Role in Water Purification, Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS)
Chemical Interaction in the Aquatic Environment and Analytical Techniques
2 Topics
Aquatic Soil Mineralogy, Profile Horizons & Surface Chemistry: Soil Texture Fractions, Specific Surface Area, Zeolite Tetrahedrons & Cation Exchange (CEC)
Organic Matter Decomposition & Chemical Detoxification: Humification Kinetics, Mineralization Rates, Sediment Redox Potentials & Soil Remediation
Fish Biochemistry
4 Topics
Fish Muscle Proteins & Structural Biochemistry: Sarcoplasmic, Myofibrillar (Actomyosin), Stroma (Collagen) & Connective Mucopolysaccharides
Marine Lipids, PUFAs & Antioxidant Mechanisms: Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA, DHA), Lipid Peroxidation, Prostaglandin Synthesis & Astaxanthin
Non-Protein Nitrogen (NPN) & Biogenic Amines: Trimethylamine Oxide (TMAO), Urea, Free Amino Acids, Betaines, Octopine & Histamine/Cadaverine
Post-Mortem Rigor Mortis, Autolysis & Spoilage Enzymes: Glycolysis, ATP Breakdown, Cathepsins, Calpains, Bleeding & Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Fish Biology and Stock Assessment
6 Topics
Ecosystem Modeling, Remote Sensing & Marine GIS: ECOPATH with ECOSIM, Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ), Ocean Colour Sensors & Acoustic Biomass
Active
Ichthyotaxonomy, Morphometrics & Anatomy: Finfish Classification, Meristic Characters, Larval Metamorphosis & Age Estimation via Otoliths
Trophodynamics & Feeding Ecology: Alimentary Canal Adaptations, Index of Relative Importance, Levins Niche Breadth Index & Trophic Levels
Reproductive Biology, Hermaphroditism & Maturation: Fecundity, Gonadosomatic Index, Protogyny, Diandry, Spawning Histology & Gynogenesis
Fish Growth, von Bertalanffy Model & Mortality: Length-Weight Relationship, Isometric/Allometric Growth, Total (Z), Natural (M) & Fishing (F) Mortality
Stock Assessment Models & Maximum Sustainable Yield: Surplus Production Models (Schaefer, Fox), Analytical Models, Linearized Catch Curve & MSY/MEY
Fish Curing, Value Addition and By-Products
4 Topics
Surimi Technology & Texturized Seafood Products: Water Leaching, Cryoprotectants (Sugar, Sorbitol, Polyphosphates), Heat-Induced Gelation & Kamaboko
Salting, Drying & Water Activity Principles: Moisture Sorption Isotherms, Equilibrium Relative Humidity (ERH), Halophilic Bacteria & Salt Curing Methods
Fish Smoking & Carcinogenic Compounds: Hot vs Cold Smoking, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH / Benzopyrene), Smoke Generation & Preservative Phenols
Marine Bio-Polymers, Chitin, Chitosan & Squalene: Demineralization, Deproteinization, Deacetylation, Shark Liver Oil Squalene & Pearl Essence (Guanine)
Fisheries Livelihood
3 Topics
Gender Roles, Women in Fisheries & Welfare Schemes: Division of Labour, CEDAW, Gender Development Index (GDI), PMMSY & Microfinance Collectives
Fisher Community Livelihood Assets & Vulnerability: Sustainable Livelihood Approach (Human, Natural, Financial, Social, Physical Capitals) & Disaster Risk
Fisheries Extension, Institutions & Blue Economy: Extension Approaches, NFDB, Blue Revolution Initiatives, Primary Fisheries Co-operatives & Blockchain
Fisheries Management and Responsible Fisheries
3 Topics
Selective & Eco-Friendly Fishing Gears: Bycatch Reduction Devices (BRD), Turtle Excluder Devices (TED), Square Mesh Codends & Selectivity Curves
Fisheries Legislation, Treaties & Maritime Law: Territorial Waters, UNCLOS, High Seas Treaty, Indian Fisheries Act & Maritime Zones Act
Input, Output & Technical Management Controls: Mesh Size Regulations, Closed Fishing Seasons (Bans), Marine Fishing Regulation Acts & MSC
Fisheries Oceanography
4 Topics
Ocean-Atmosphere Couplings, ENSO & Indian Ocean Dipole: El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) & IOD Dynamics
Satellite Oceanography, Altimetry & Fisheries Applications: Sea Surface Altimetry, Ocean Eddies, Sea Surface Temperature (SST) & Artificial Reefs
Physical Oceanography, Ocean Currents & Bathymetry: Mid-Ocean Ridges, Thermohaline Circulation, Coriolis Deflection & Wind-Driven Surface Currents
Coastal Upwelling Systems & Biological Productivity: Wind-Induced Ekman Transport, Coastal Upwelling Zones, Mudbanks (Chakara) & Phytoplankton Blooms
Fisheries Resources
3 Topics
Inland & Estuarine Fisheries Resources: Major Riverine Systems (Ganga, Brahmaputra), Coldwater Fisheries, Reservoir Fisheries & Estuaries
Aquatic Biodiversity, Endangered Species & Conservation: IUCN Red List, CITES, Marine Protected Areas, Gulf of Mannar Biosphere & Exotic Species
Global & Indian Marine Capture Fisheries: EEZ Potential, Continental Shelf Resources, Pelagic & Demersal Finfish/Shellfish Stocks
Fundamentals of Environmental Sciences
3 Topics
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) & Statutory Law: EIA Process, Notification 2006, Public Hearings, Environmental Economics & Carbon Credits
Atmospheric Physics, Meteorology & Global Warming: Earth Spheres, Radiative Forcing, Greenhouse Effect, Photochemical Smog & SO2 Emissions
Ecological Interactions & Ecosystem Energetics: Population Interactions (Amensalism, Mutualism), Energy Trophic Flow & Photosynthesis-Respiration Ratio
General Agriculture
6 TopicsLow and High Temperature Preservation
2 Topics
Freezing Engineering & Cryoprotection: Air Blast Freezing, Plate Freezing, Individual Quick Freezing (IQF), Cryogenic Freezing, Glazing & Freeze Denaturation
Thermal Processing & Commercial Sterilization: Canning Operations (Exhausting, Double Seaming Overlap), Thermal Death Kinetics (D, Z, F Values) & Retort Processing
Microbiological and Quality Aspects of Fish and Fishery Products
2 Topics
Chemical Additives, Contaminants & Residues: Sorbic Acid, Benzoates, Polyphosphates, Sulfites, Heavy Metals (Mercury, Lead, Cadmium) & Antibiotic Residues
International Quality Standards, HACCP & Export Regulations: Seven HACCP Principles, Codex Alimentarius, ISO 22000, FSSA 2006, MPEDA ELISA & Traceability
Official PYQ Papers
Previous Year Papers of Aquatic Environmental Management
Practice official shift-wise question papers with answer keys and detailed explanations on the actual exam pattern.
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2024
29-06-2024