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Holiday island and Lothian island are the marine protected areas in
Given below are two statements Statement (I): Biodiversity... | Agrigyan
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Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Biodiversity Hotspot must have at least 2500 vascular plants as endemic
Statement (II) : A Biodiversity Hotspot must have 30% or less of its original natural vegetation
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
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Alpha diversity refers to
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The term Biodiversity was first coined by
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Factor that does not affect community structure is
Aquatic Ecosystem, Biodiversity and Marine Ecology
3 Topics
Marine Biodiversity, Hotspots & Ecological Indices: Alpha/Beta/Gamma Diversity, Simpson & Shannon Indices, UNESCO Marine World Heritage (Sundarbans)
Active
Coastal Geomorphology, Sandy Beaches & Marine Protected Areas: Reflective vs Dissipative Beaches, Coastal Zonation, MPAs (Holiday & Lothian Islands)
Aquatic Ecology, Estuaries & Wetland Conservation: Inland Lotic/Lentic Waters, Estuarine Hydrodynamics, Ramsar Convention & Secretariat (Gland)
Aquatic Pollution and Microbiology
5 Topics
Microplastics, Nanoparticles & Emerging Contaminants: Microplastic Entry Routes, Ingestion Hazards, Nanotoxicity & Coral Bleaching by Sunscreens
Bioremediation Technologies & Microbial Biogeochemistry: Microalgae Phycotechnology, Pollutant Biodegradation, Bio-Sensors & Antibiotic Resistance
Eutrophication, Nutrient Dynamics & Hypoxia: Nitrogen/Phosphorus Loading, Cultural Eutrophication, Algal Blooms & Dissolved Oxygen Depletion
Heavy Metal Ecotoxicology & Aquatic Bioaccumulation: Mercury, Cadmium, Lead Toxicity, Bioaccumulation Kinetics & Histopathological Symptoms
Aquatic Microbial Communities & Biofilm Ecology: Microflora Dynamics, Biofilms Role in Water Purification, Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS)
Chemical Interaction in the Aquatic Environment and Analytical Techniques
2 Topics
Aquatic Soil Mineralogy, Profile Horizons & Surface Chemistry: Soil Texture Fractions, Specific Surface Area, Zeolite Tetrahedrons & Cation Exchange (CEC)
Organic Matter Decomposition & Chemical Detoxification: Humification Kinetics, Mineralization Rates, Sediment Redox Potentials & Soil Remediation
Fish Biochemistry
4 Topics
Fish Muscle Proteins & Structural Biochemistry: Sarcoplasmic, Myofibrillar (Actomyosin), Stroma (Collagen) & Connective Mucopolysaccharides
Marine Lipids, PUFAs & Antioxidant Mechanisms: Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA, DHA), Lipid Peroxidation, Prostaglandin Synthesis & Astaxanthin
Non-Protein Nitrogen (NPN) & Biogenic Amines: Trimethylamine Oxide (TMAO), Urea, Free Amino Acids, Betaines, Octopine & Histamine/Cadaverine
Post-Mortem Rigor Mortis, Autolysis & Spoilage Enzymes: Glycolysis, ATP Breakdown, Cathepsins, Calpains, Bleeding & Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Fish Biology and Stock Assessment
6 Topics
Ecosystem Modeling, Remote Sensing & Marine GIS: ECOPATH with ECOSIM, Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ), Ocean Colour Sensors & Acoustic Biomass
Ichthyotaxonomy, Morphometrics & Anatomy: Finfish Classification, Meristic Characters, Larval Metamorphosis & Age Estimation via Otoliths
Trophodynamics & Feeding Ecology: Alimentary Canal Adaptations, Index of Relative Importance, Levins Niche Breadth Index & Trophic Levels
Reproductive Biology, Hermaphroditism & Maturation: Fecundity, Gonadosomatic Index, Protogyny, Diandry, Spawning Histology & Gynogenesis
Fish Growth, von Bertalanffy Model & Mortality: Length-Weight Relationship, Isometric/Allometric Growth, Total (Z), Natural (M) & Fishing (F) Mortality
Stock Assessment Models & Maximum Sustainable Yield: Surplus Production Models (Schaefer, Fox), Analytical Models, Linearized Catch Curve & MSY/MEY
Fish Curing, Value Addition and By-Products
4 Topics
Surimi Technology & Texturized Seafood Products: Water Leaching, Cryoprotectants (Sugar, Sorbitol, Polyphosphates), Heat-Induced Gelation & Kamaboko
Salting, Drying & Water Activity Principles: Moisture Sorption Isotherms, Equilibrium Relative Humidity (ERH), Halophilic Bacteria & Salt Curing Methods
Fish Smoking & Carcinogenic Compounds: Hot vs Cold Smoking, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH / Benzopyrene), Smoke Generation & Preservative Phenols
Marine Bio-Polymers, Chitin, Chitosan & Squalene: Demineralization, Deproteinization, Deacetylation, Shark Liver Oil Squalene & Pearl Essence (Guanine)
Fisheries Livelihood
3 Topics
Gender Roles, Women in Fisheries & Welfare Schemes: Division of Labour, CEDAW, Gender Development Index (GDI), PMMSY & Microfinance Collectives
Fisher Community Livelihood Assets & Vulnerability: Sustainable Livelihood Approach (Human, Natural, Financial, Social, Physical Capitals) & Disaster Risk
Fisheries Extension, Institutions & Blue Economy: Extension Approaches, NFDB, Blue Revolution Initiatives, Primary Fisheries Co-operatives & Blockchain
Fisheries Management and Responsible Fisheries
3 Topics
Selective & Eco-Friendly Fishing Gears: Bycatch Reduction Devices (BRD), Turtle Excluder Devices (TED), Square Mesh Codends & Selectivity Curves
Fisheries Legislation, Treaties & Maritime Law: Territorial Waters, UNCLOS, High Seas Treaty, Indian Fisheries Act & Maritime Zones Act
Input, Output & Technical Management Controls: Mesh Size Regulations, Closed Fishing Seasons (Bans), Marine Fishing Regulation Acts & MSC
Fisheries Oceanography
4 Topics
Ocean-Atmosphere Couplings, ENSO & Indian Ocean Dipole: El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) & IOD Dynamics
Satellite Oceanography, Altimetry & Fisheries Applications: Sea Surface Altimetry, Ocean Eddies, Sea Surface Temperature (SST) & Artificial Reefs
Physical Oceanography, Ocean Currents & Bathymetry: Mid-Ocean Ridges, Thermohaline Circulation, Coriolis Deflection & Wind-Driven Surface Currents
Coastal Upwelling Systems & Biological Productivity: Wind-Induced Ekman Transport, Coastal Upwelling Zones, Mudbanks (Chakara) & Phytoplankton Blooms
Fisheries Resources
3 Topics
Inland & Estuarine Fisheries Resources: Major Riverine Systems (Ganga, Brahmaputra), Coldwater Fisheries, Reservoir Fisheries & Estuaries
Aquatic Biodiversity, Endangered Species & Conservation: IUCN Red List, CITES, Marine Protected Areas, Gulf of Mannar Biosphere & Exotic Species
Global & Indian Marine Capture Fisheries: EEZ Potential, Continental Shelf Resources, Pelagic & Demersal Finfish/Shellfish Stocks
Fundamentals of Environmental Sciences
3 Topics
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) & Statutory Law: EIA Process, Notification 2006, Public Hearings, Environmental Economics & Carbon Credits
Atmospheric Physics, Meteorology & Global Warming: Earth Spheres, Radiative Forcing, Greenhouse Effect, Photochemical Smog & SO2 Emissions
Ecological Interactions & Ecosystem Energetics: Population Interactions (Amensalism, Mutualism), Energy Trophic Flow & Photosynthesis-Respiration Ratio
General Agriculture
6 TopicsLow and High Temperature Preservation
2 Topics
Freezing Engineering & Cryoprotection: Air Blast Freezing, Plate Freezing, Individual Quick Freezing (IQF), Cryogenic Freezing, Glazing & Freeze Denaturation
Thermal Processing & Commercial Sterilization: Canning Operations (Exhausting, Double Seaming Overlap), Thermal Death Kinetics (D, Z, F Values) & Retort Processing
Microbiological and Quality Aspects of Fish and Fishery Products
2 Topics
Chemical Additives, Contaminants & Residues: Sorbic Acid, Benzoates, Polyphosphates, Sulfites, Heavy Metals (Mercury, Lead, Cadmium) & Antibiotic Residues
International Quality Standards, HACCP & Export Regulations: Seven HACCP Principles, Codex Alimentarius, ISO 22000, FSSA 2006, MPEDA ELISA & Traceability
Official PYQ Papers
Previous Year Papers of Aquatic Environmental Management
Practice official shift-wise question papers with answer keys and detailed explanations on the actual exam pattern.
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Previous Papers
2024
29-06-2024