Enzymatic Scavengers: Superoxide Dismutase (SOD, converts $O_2^{\bullet-}$ to $H_2O_2$), Catalase (CAT, decomposes $H_2O_2$ to $H_2O$), and Peroxidase (POX).
Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant: Glutathione (GSH) is a non-enzymatic tripeptide thiol antioxidant that acts as a substrate in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, not an enzyme. (Correct answer: Option 2)
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48
Genetics & Plant Breeding - ICAR JRF/SRF 2024
MCQ (Single Correct)
The National Centre for Genetic Resources Preservation is located in
National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation (NCGRP): Formerly known as the National Seed Storage Laboratory (NSSL), located on the campus of Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. (Correct answer: Option 4)
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49
Genetics & Plant Breeding - ICAR JRF/SRF 2024
MCQ (Single Correct)
Which seed company produced the genetically modified Round Up Ready seeds?
Roundup Ready Biotechnology: Genetically engineered crops containing the cp4 epsps gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain CP4 conferring resistance to glyphosate were developed and commercialized by the agricultural biotechnology company Monsanto (commercially launched in soybean in 1996). (Correct answer: Option 2)
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Externally Seed-Borne: Covered smut of barley (Ustilago hordei), where teliospores contaminate the exterior seed coat during threshing and infect emerging seedlings.
Internally Seed-Borne: Loose smut of wheat and barley (Ustilago nuda / Ustilago tritici), where dormant fungal mycelium resides internally within the embryo of the seed. (Correct answer: Option 2)
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