Livestock Products Technology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024

• Indian Buffalo Meat (Carabeef) Export Markets (APEDA 2022-23):
• India is one of the world's leading exporters of boneless, frozen, deglanded buffalo meat.
• According to APEDA trade data for the financial year 2022–23:
• Malaysia emerged as India's largest single export destination for buffalo meat, importing over $3.2$ lakh metric tonnes valued at over $\text{USD } 700\text{ million}$.
• Other major importing countries include Vietnam, Egypt, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia.

Correct option: (1) Malaysia

• Central AGMARK Laboratory (CAL):
• The apex central testing and quality control laboratory under the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection (DMI), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
• Located at Nagpur, Maharashtra.
• Operates as the appellate laboratory analyzing agricultural and livestock commodities (ghee, butter, honey, vegetable oils, spices) certified under the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937.

Correct option: (3) Nagpur

• Principal Marketing Functions in Agricultural / Livestock Economics:
• In agricultural and livestock marketing systems, the physical and economic flow of commodities is categorized into three fundamental functions:

• Assembling (Concentration): Collecting small surpluses from widely scattered smallholders and farmers into large commercial lots.
• Processing (Equalization / Transformation): Value addition, grading, preservation, butchering, and manufacturing into consumable products.
• Dispersion (Distribution): Wholesaling and retailing products to final consumers across domestic and international markets.
  
  Correct option: (2) Assembling, processing and dispersion