Given below are two statements Statement (I): Heat shock... | Agrigyan

• Compartmentalization of Lipid Metabolism: In eukaryotic cells, metabolic pathways are segregated into distinct organelles to prevent futile cycles:
• Fatty Acid Synthesis: De novo fatty acid synthesis occurs predominantly in the cytosol (and chloroplast stroma in plants), catalyzed by the multi-enzyme complex fatty acid synthase (FAS) utilizing acetyl-CoA and NADPH.
• Fatty Acid Degradation: $\beta$-oxidation of fatty acids takes place primarily within the mitochondria (matrix) in animal cells and peroxisomes/glyoxysomes in plant cells to generate acetyl-CoA and reducing equivalents ($FADH_2, NADH$).
• Conclusion: The respective sites are the cytosol and mitochondria (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) Cytosol and mitochondria

• Enzyme Classification (EC System): Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) catalyzes the transfer of a $\gamma$-phosphate group from ATP to a hexose sugar (such as D-glucose) to form glucose-6-phosphate and ADP.
• Enzyme Class: Under the Enzyme Commission (EC) classification system:
• Class 1: Oxidoreductases
• Class 2: Transferases (transfer functional groups such as methyl, acyl, or phosphate groups)
• Class 3: Hydrolases
• Class 4: Lyases
• Class 5: Isomerases
• Class 6: Ligases
• Conclusion: Because it transfers a phosphoryl group, hexokinase belongs to the Transferases class (Option 2).

Correct option: (2) Transferases

• Lineweaver-Burk Double Reciprocal Plot: The Michaelis-Menten equation is given by:

• Derivation of the Reciprocal: Taking the reciprocal of both sides yields the Lineweaver-Burk equation:

• Equation Analysis: This represents a linear equation $y = mx + c$, where the slope $m = \frac{K_m}{V_{\max}}$, the $y$-intercept is $\frac{1}{V_{\max}}$, and the $x$-intercept is $-\frac{1}{K_m}$. In the exam text, Option 1 corresponds to $1/V_0 = 1/V_{\max} + (K_m/V_{\max}) \times (1/[S])$.

Correct option: (1) 1M=1M max + Km! Vmax X 1S]