2024
29-06-2024
Processing and Food Engineering- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024
Official solved question paper with verified bilingual step-by-step solutions and key concepts. आधिकारिक हल प्रश्न पत्र — विस्तृत द्विभाषी व्याख्या, प्रामाणिक उत्तर कुंजी एवं मुख्य अवधारणाओं सहित।
Questions in this Paper इस प्रश्न पत्र के प्रश्न
120 Questions 120 प्रश्न
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Movement of DNA from one bacterium to another through a tubular bridge or pilus:
Which of the following is responsible for eliminating toxic oxygen by-products from cells?
form of multiple parasitism in which a parasite preferentially attacks a host that is already parasitized by another species is
known as
For mass multiplication of DD-136 nematode, the common host used is
Chlorpyriphos methyl is effective against stored product insects except
Which of the following insects often cause inhalational allergies in human following large emergence of adult insects
Given below are two statements
Statement (|); Climate is a weather condition related to smaller areas at a given place and at a given time.Statement (II) : Weather is a condition of atmosphere at a given place and at a given time
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
The local name of cyclone in Philippines is
Which one of the following are secondary tillage implements?
(A) .Subsoiler
(B) .Cultivator
(C) .Disc harrow
(D) . Wetland plough
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
is the most suitable, drought resistant and persistant grass?
The rainfed area in India is approximately
Which nutrient is often a limiting factor in agricultural production?
What is a potential disadvantage of agroforestry systems?
Pungency in mustard oil is due to
Sesamum belongs to the family
Dark period is critical in which type of plant?
Which of the following is NOT a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions from livestock farming?
Fe deficiency is mostly seen in crops growing on
EDV (Essentially Derived Varieties) are those which are derived from
What is the role of "companion planting" in agriculture?
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : A fluidised bed gasifier is most versatile and can handle biomass with high ash content
Reason (R) : Fluidised bed generally contains either inert material or reactive material
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is irreversible.
Reason (R) : NIHLis even, being greater in lower frequency than higher frequency.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : The top of the piston heats much more than does the lower skirt
Statement (II) : The pistons are made larger at the top to absorb excessive heat released during compression stroke, and are
said to have skirt taper.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Premixed combustion is smoother and quieter than diffusion combustion
Statement (II) : The longer the ignition delay, the higher percentage of the fuel that burns in premixed combustion and lower
the percentage that burns in diffusion combustion
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Hydrodynamic lubrication occurs when oil film is thick enough to prevent projections on one surface from
contacting those projections on the mating surface
Statement (II) : All bearings in an engine are in hydrodynamic lubrication when the engine is started from rest or when it is
coasting to a stop
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Most of the gears fail from
(A) . bending fatigue
(B) . surface wear
(C) . stiff housing
(D) . pitting
(©). curved surfaces
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Machine parameters those influence the performance of a combine harvester are
(A) . speed of reel
(B) . speed of threshing cylinder
(C) . extent of vibration
(D) . height of cut
(©). speed of straw rack
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Choose the correct characteristics of the Darrieus rotor.
(A) . low starting torque
(B) . self-starting
(C) . high speed
(D) . potentially high capital cost
(©). high efficiency
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Which of the following are air heat plate collectors based on absorbing surface?
(A) . flat plate absorber
(B) . sandwich type absorber
(C) . corrugated plate absorber
(D) . overlapped transparent plate absorber
(©). transpiration absorber
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
‘Among the different type of combustion chambers, the peak pressure is the lowest for the
Range of aspect ratio for high molded tyres
In the frequency response plot, the amplitude ratio of output to input of a filter is plotted against frequency, showing transmission only within an intermediate frequency band between lower cutoff $f_1$ and upper cutoff $f_2$. What is the type of filter?
1. Low pass filter
2. High pass filter
3. Band pass filter
4. Notch type filter
Which of the following is not a type of solar still?
To minimize ride vibrations, the location of the operator's seat should be
Which of the following is an obtuse angle-type furrow opener?
What is the terminal velocity for the wheat chaff?
Which of the following threshing cylinder is used for producing very fine wheat straw?
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Concave end of the disc harrow gang tends to penetrate more deeply than the convex end.
Reason (R) : The radial force, which includes the vertical support force on the disc blade, must pass slightly to the rear of
the disc centerline
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The power requirement of a rotary mower is much higher than that of a sickle bar mower of the same width
Reason (R) : The knives of rotary mower are hinged to the disc or drum so that they can swing back if they hit a rock or
other obstruction; centrifugal force keeps the knives in cutting position during normal operation
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The rotating counterweight commonly provided on the flywheel of a mower pitman drive does not give
complete balancing
Reason (R) : Inertia force of the knife varies as the square of crank speed and as the first power of stroke
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Match List-I with List-II:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Alinear reservoir is one in which storage is directly proportional to:
Match List-I with List-II:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Specific speed of the pump is directly proportional to the square root of head.
Statement (II) : The specific speed for a single impeller centrifugal pump varies between 300 to 5000.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Water requirement of the crops is lesser than the field irrigation requirement.
Statement (II) : Field irrigation requirement does not include contribution from other sources except irrigation
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Match List-I with List-II:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Single crop coefficient approach is used for surface irrigation methods.
Statement (II) : Dual crop coefficient approach is used for micro irrigation methods
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Blaney-Criddle method uses mean temperature and monthly percentage day time hours.
Statement (II) : Blaney-Criddle method was developed for the humid condition for consumptive use computation
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Concrete mixture (Cement: Sand: Gravel or broken stone) usually recommended for lining of canals is:
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : A channel section is most economical when maximum discharge is obtained for a given cost of construction.
Statement (II) : Discharge is maximum when the flow velocity is minimum
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Drip emission uniformity ($EU$) is calculated using which formula?
Leaching requirement ($LR$) is estimated using which equation?
Light soils can be irrigated successfully across slope up to:
Following are the statements regarding irrigation efficiencies.
(A) . Water conveyance efficiency is associated with the canal network
(B) . Water application efficiency is related with the irrigation method.
(C) . Economic efficiency is related with the overall performance of the irrigation system
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Following are the statements regarding sediment loads.
(A) . Bed load is associated with the movement of coarse particles along the bed surface through sliding, rolling and saltation
(B) . Bed load forms less than 25 % portion of total load
(C) . Suspended load of a stream is not measured by sampling the stream flow.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Time of concentration (Tc) is expressed by the following equation
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The lower and upper limit of the curve number corresponds to 0 and 100
Reason (R) : The lower curve number corresponds to highest runoff potential and indicates an impermeable surface.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Following are the statements regarding grassed waterways:
(A) . The Manning's coefficient of roughness is 0.04 for design
(B) . These are designed to carry maximum runoff from a storm of 10 years recurrence interval
(C) . These are constructed across the land slope to remove excess water.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
The minimum length of shelter belt should be how many times of its height?
Compute drainage coefficient if
Match List-I with List-II:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Equation for predicting EMC of agricultural products is given by
(A) . Kelvin
(B) . Harkins-Jura
(C) . Henderson
(D) . Janssen
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : In a deep bin, plane of rupture strikes the opposite side of structure before it meets the grain surface.
Statement (II) : A grain bin can be classified as deep bin when the depth of grain is greater than the equivalent diameter.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Thermal vapour compression is used in
(A) . Evaporator
(B) . Homogenizer
(C) . Pasteurizer
(D) . Blancher
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Majority of the drying of agricultural produce fall under falling rate regime.
Statement (II) : Spray dryers are commonly used for liquid foods
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Ideal elastic behaviour of a material can be explained by
In comparison to other types of conveyors, screw conveyors
Major functions of blanching of fruits and vegetables before dehydration and canning include
(A) . Inactivation of enzymes
(B) . Killing of pathogenic microbes
(C) . Softening of tissue
(D) . Cleaning of raw material
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Glazing is related to which of the following crop processing?
Capacity of an air screen cleaner depends on which of the following parameters?
(A) . Grain bed depth
(B) . Size of screen surface
(C) . Feeding mechanism
(D) . Percentage opening area of screen
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
While doing a textural profile analysis (TPA) for cooked soy wadi, which of the following parameters deduced from the force versus displacement curve will best describe the product
(A) . Hardness
(B) . Cohesiveness
(C) . Gumminess
(D) . Chewiness
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Match List with List-II Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Only 1% of the incident lights are transmitted in a pectin solution. What will be the absorbance value?
Sensory evaluation
Priya is developing millet biscuits with millet contents of 5%, 10% and 15%. The sensory panel will then evaluate these
samples. Priya would then determine which of the formulations is more acceptable.
What kind of sensory evaluation test would she be conducting?
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The drag coefficient of a potato cube falling through air column is more than that of the spherical-shaped one.
Reason (R) : For a sphere which has a continuous geometry, the flow separation points are dependent on Reynolds number
(Re), whereas for a cube, the leading edges are fixed points of separation while reattachment depends on Re
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Which of the following mathematical expressions can be used for predicting the moisture isotherms in foods.
(A) . GAB model
(B) . BET model
(C) . Langmuir model
(D) . Freundlich mode!
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Match List with List-II a Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Heat pump works on reverse Carnot cycle and transfers heat from a lower temperature body to a higher
temperature body
Statement (II) : The COP of heat pump and refrigeration system in the same temperature range is same
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
According to Bernoulli's theorem, in a horizontal pipe, for an incompressible fluid
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Counter flow heat exchangers with equal heat capacities give parallel and linear temperature profiles for both
hot and cold fluid
Reason (R) : Counter flow heat exchangers, both hot and cold fluid enters from the opposite direction, and flow direction is
opposite
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
In the Engelberg rice huller, the simultaneous dehusking and debranning takes place, due to
Which of the models can best describe the microbial death kinetics in liquid
(A) . Langmuir model
(B) . Gompertz model
(C) . Weibull Model
(D) . Biphasic equation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Match List with List-II a Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : D-value represents the time required at a specific temperature (T) to reduce a microbial population by 90% or
by a factor of 10.
Statement (II) : Z-value is how long it takes to kill a specific bacterium at a specific temperature
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Net output of an extruder is
Mention the sequence of ethanol production from wet milling of corn
(A) . Fermentation
(B) . Grinding
(C) . Degerming
(D) . Saccharification
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Macromolecules like proteins can be purified and separated using
(A) . Decantation
(B) . Chromatography
(C) . iso-electric precipitation
(D) . GeLfitration
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Minimal processed fruits and vegetables have lower shelf life
Reason (R) : They have fresh-like characteristics and are convenient to use
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : In-bin drying of seeds is meant for seeds with more than 14% moisture content
Statement (II) : Drying air temperature of seeds should be in the range 45-60 °C
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Match List with List-II a Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Air spargers are prided in the bioreactor for better dispersal of air
Statement (II) : Impellers are used in fermentors to prevent vortexing
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
The cut-off diameter of a cyclone separator depends on
(A) . Inlet diameter
(8). Inlet air velocity
(C) . Number of turns
(D) . Pressure drop
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Through which command in AUTOCAD, objects can be converted into discrete objects in apolyline
Ashaft runs at 60 rpm and drives another shaft at 170 rpm through belt drive, neglecting the slip; what would be the velocity
ratio
which gears are not used in intersecting axis
(A) . Spur gear
(B) . Bevel gear
(C) . Rack and Pinion
(D) . Helical gear
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Positive displacement bucket elevators are used for abrasive materials
Statement (II) : Continuous-type bucket elevators are used for conveying fragile material
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Online Bruise damage in fresh fruits and vegetables can be monitored by
(A) . Infrared imaging
(B) . Machine vision
(C) . Acoustic sensors
(D) . Hyperspectral imaging
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Match List with List-II Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Active packaging technology focuses on maintaining the quality and enhancing the shelf-life of food products
Reason (R) : The elements of active packaging systems indicate the freshness, quality, safety, and security of food products.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Cold chain operation and management can be done through
(A) . Internet of Things
(B) . Autocad
(C) . Blockchain technology
(D) . Cryptocurrency
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
The different biotic agents responsible for grain spoilage are
(A) . Moisture
(B) . Rat
(C) . Fungi
(D) . Insects
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Match List with List-II Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Fumigation is meant to remove moisture from the grain and cool the grain
Statement (II) : During rainy season when insect activity increases, aeration should be given in every 15 days
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
which of the following numerical methods can be used to predict various thermo-physical and mass transfers within grain storage?
(A) . Finite difference method
(B) . Finite element method
(C) . Finite volume method
(D) . Discrete element method
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : The dockage in wheat includes dust, dirt, rye seed, shrivelled seed, insect body
Statement (II) : Falling Number test and aflatoxins incidence are required for wheat quality evaluation
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
The major product evolved during anaerobic treatment of wastewater from food industry is
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : The secondary road for approaching the process plant should not be less than 3 m width
Statement (II) : cooling towers should be as near as to the plant to take care of the heat generated
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The pipes in process plants are laid overhead in the processing unit
Reason (R) : The maintenance of pipes is easy without hindering the layout of the plants
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
For screening the waste water, following screens are mostly frequently use
(A) . Rotary screen
(B) . Vibratory screen
(C) .Air screen filters
(D) . Static screen
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
The secondary treatment used to remove particles from the wastewater are
(A) . Sedimentation
(B) . Anaerobic Lagoons
(C) . Tricking Filters
(D) . Activated Sludge
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
which of the following is not a part of transducer element
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Bimetallic strips use hot and cold junction phenomena to detect the temperature
Statement (II) : In Resistance Temperature detectors, the resistance decreases with temperature
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Neural network can be used for pattern recognition
Statement (II) : Fuzzy logic is most suitable for classical binary logic
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : A data logger stores and processes data
Statement (II) : A PID controller can measure the temperature and forward the data for processing to achieve the target value.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
For virtual instrumentation, most common form of graphical programming used is through
A project planning should include a feasibility study based on
(A) . Economics
(B) . Social
(C) . Technical
(D) . commercial
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Match List with List-II Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Given below are two statements
Statement (): PERT uses deterministic and is event-orientedStatement (II) : CPM is activity oriented and uses float concept
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Ifa convective drying system utilizes 40 kW energy while 10 kW energy is lost, what will be the efficiency of the system
Which of the following certification is needed for food quality
(A) . BIS
(B) . AGMARK
(C) . FSSAI
(0). 1s
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
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