Given below are two statements Statement (|); Climate is a... | Agrigyan

खंड अ: सामान्य कृषि Veterinary Helminthology Introduction, History and Etiology General Bacteriology Veterinary Public Health Milk Hygiene Veterinary Entomology Haemodynamic Derangements, Degeneration and Necrosis Systematic Bacteriology Meat Hygiene Inflammation and Healing General Virology Immunopathology Systematic Virology Mycology Parasitic Zoonoses Zoonoses Genetically Determined Diseases Immunology Management of Livestock Parasitism Disturbances in Cell Growth and Oncology Environmental Hygiene Post-mortem Diagnosis and Histopathological Techniques Molecular Cell Biology (Vaccine & Diagnostic Technology) Epidemiology Immunoparasitology Clinical Pathology Systemic Pathology Pathology of Infectious Diseases Avian Pathology Nutritional and Production Pathology Pathology of Toxicosis Pathology of Diseases of Laboratory and Wild Animals
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Veterinary Pathology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024
Statement Based

Given below are two statements

Statement (|); Climate is a weather condition related to smaller areas at a given place and at a given time.
Statement (II) : Weather is a condition of atmosphere at a given place and at a given time

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Veterinary Pathology विषय एवं अध्याय

विषय एवं पाठ्यक्रम के अनुसार सभी अध्याय देखें

खंड अ: सामान्य कृषि

5 टॉपिक्स
कृषि मौसम विज्ञान एवं जलवायु विज्ञान सक्रिय मृदा विज्ञान, पादप पोषण एवं सुधार फसल आनुवंशिकी, पादप प्रजनन एवं आईपीआर कोशिका विज्ञान, पादप कार्यिकी एवं जैव रसायन कृषि कीट विज्ञान, सूत्रकृमि विज्ञान एवं फसल सुरक्षा

General Bacteriology

3 टॉपिक्स
Bacterial Virulence Mechanisms, Pathogenicity Islands, Bacterial Toxins (Anthrax Toxins, Enterotoxins) & LPS Mutants Bacterial Morphology, Ultrastructure, Cell Wall Chemistry & Special Staining Techniques (Gram, ZN, MZN, Dienes) Bacterial Physiology, Growth Kinetics, Nutrition (Phototrophs, Autotrophs) & Bacterial Genetics (Conjugation, Transduction)

Introduction, History and Etiology

1 टॉपिक्स
Historical Milestones in Pathology (Morgagni Seats and Causes of Disease, Virchow, Metchnikoff) & General Etiology

Veterinary Helminthology

2 टॉपिक्स
Trematode Morphology, Systematic Classification & Fluke Biology (Fasciola, Gigantocotyle, Gastrodiscus, Paramphistomum) Bursate Nematodes (Order Strongylida: Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus, Ancylostoma, Syngamus, Metastrongylus)

Veterinary Public Health

1 टॉपिक्स
VPH Concepts, Historical Milestones, Intersectoral Collaboration & One Health Paradigm

Haemodynamic Derangements, Degeneration and Necrosis

5 टॉपिक्स
Cell Death: Irreversible Hypoxic Injury, Apoptosis & Necrosis Types (Coagulative, Liquefactive, Caseous, Fibrinoid) Edema Pathophysiology, Starling Forces, Hydropericardium & Ascites Portal Hypertension Thrombosis, Virchow's Triad, Embolism, Infarction & Blood Coagulation Cascade (Prothrombin to Fibrin) Circulatory Disturbances: Hyperaemia, General Chronic Passive Congestion, Nutmeg Liver & Brown Induration of Lung Cellular Degenerations, Amyloidosis, Calcinosis Circumscripta (Dystrophic vs Metastatic Calcification)

Milk Hygiene

2 टॉपिक्स
Dairy Microbiology, Spoilage Microorganisms & Microbial Ecology of Raw Milk (Pseudomonas, Psychrotrophs, Alcaligenes) Milk Processing, HTST Pasteurization, UHT, In-Bottle Sterilization & Thermal Death Kinetics

Systematic Bacteriology

2 टॉपिक्स
Endospore-Forming Bacilli & Clostridial Diseases (Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium perfringens, C. septicum, C. novyi) Rickettsiales & Anaplasmataceae (Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. platys, Ehrlichia canis, E. ewingii, Neorickettsia)

Veterinary Entomology

4 टॉपिक्स
Diptera: Nematocera Vector Flies (Culicoides, Phlebotomus, Simulium, Mosquito Vectors & Transmission) Diptera: Brachycera & Cyclorrhapha (Tabanus, Chrysops, Stomoxys, Haematobia, Musca) Phthiraptera: Sucking & Chewing Lice Biology, Morphology & Host Specificity (Haematopinus, Linognathus, Bovicola, Menopon) Acarology: Mites, Mange & Scab Infestation (Sarcoptes, Psoroptes, Chorioptes, Demodex, Cheyletiella, Dermanyssus)

General Virology

1 टॉपिक्स
Viral Replication Cycles, Cultivation, Plaque Assay, Reverse Transcription (Hepadnaviruses) & Trypsin Cleavage

Inflammation and Healing

3 टॉपिक्स
Acute Inflammation Dynamics, Vascular Events, Cardinal Signs (Rubor, Calor) & Anaphylatoxins (C3a, C4a, C5a) Cellular Events in Inflammation, Leukocyte Emigration, Chemotaxis, Phagocytosis & Inflammatory Exudates Chronic Inflammation, Pyogranulomatous Reactions (Macrophages, Epithelioid, Neutrophils) & Granuloma Formation

Meat Hygiene

1 टॉपिक्स
Antemortem Inspection, Judgement Categories & Disease Diagnosis in Live Animals

Immunopathology

2 टॉपिक्स
Autoimmune Pathologies: Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia (IMHA), Spherocytes & Autoagglutination Hypersensitivity Reactions in Tissue Pathology (Type I-IV) & Immune Complex Fibrinoid Vasculitis

Systematic Virology

2 टॉपिक्स
DNA Viruses of Veterinary Importance (Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, Asfarviridae African Swine Fever, Parvoviridae) Non-Segmented Negative-Sense RNA Viruses (Rhabdoviridae Rabies, Paramyxoviridae Newcastle/Rinderpest/Distemper)

Genetically Determined Diseases

1 टॉपिक्स
Congenital Anomalies & Cardiovascular Malformations (Tetralogy of Fallot, Ventricular Septal Defects)

Mycology

1 टॉपिक्स
General Mycology Principles, Fungal Ultrastructure, Growth Requirements & Mucorales (Mucor, Rhizopus)

Parasitic Zoonoses

2 टॉपिक्स
Arthropod, Crustacean & Pentastomid Zoonoses (Linguatula serrata, Armillifer, Visceral Pentastomosis, Sarcoptic Zoonoses) One Health Surveillance, Epidemiological Classification (Xenonoses, Eupanzoonoses) & Zoonosis Prevention

Zoonoses

1 टॉपिक्स
Classification & Ecology of Zoonoses (Cyclozoonoses, Metazoonoses, Direct Zoonoses, Pherozoonoses, Xenozoonoses)

Disturbances in Cell Growth and Oncology

3 टॉपिक्स
Neoplasia General Pathology, Benign vs Malignant Tumors, Histological Nomenclature, Staging & Tumor Grading Specific Animal Neoplasms: Canine Round Cell Tumors (Mast Cell, TVT, Histiocytoma) & Antitumor CTL Immunity Cellular Adaptive Responses (Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Metaplasia & Dysplasia)

Environmental Hygiene

1 टॉपिक्स
Water Quality Standards, Purification Technologies (Rapid Sand Filtration) & Chlorination Chemistry (DPD Assay, Dechlorination)

Immunology

1 टॉपिक्स
Cytokines, Interferons (Type I IFN-alpha/beta, Type II IFN-gamma, Type III IFN-lambda) & Superantigen Activation

Management of Livestock Parasitism

2 टॉपिक्स
Anthelmintic Pharmacology & Probenzimidazoles (Febantel, Netobimin, Thiophanate, Levamisole, Macrocyclic Lactones) Acaricides, Insecticides, Semio-chemicals & Integrated Vector Baits (Pyrethroids, Amitraz, IGRs, Poison Baits)

Epidemiology

2 टॉपिक्स
Basic Principles, Disease Ecology, Epidemiological Triad, Natural Nidality & Endemic Baseline Measures of Association (Relative Risk, Odds Ratio), Diagnostic Test Evaluation (Sensitivity, Specificity, NPV) & NIVEDI

Immunoparasitology

1 टॉपिक्स
Hypersensitivity Reactions in Parasitic Pathology (Type I, Type II in Babesiosis/Malaria, Type III Immune Complexes, Type IV)

Molecular Cell Biology (Vaccine & Diagnostic Technology)

1 टॉपिक्स
Vaccine Technology, Bacterial/Viral Formulations, DNA Vaccines, Attenuation & Lyophilization Logistics

Post-mortem Diagnosis and Histopathological Techniques

2 टॉपिक्स
Necropsy Techniques, Post-Mortem Lesion Evaluation & Post-Mortem Artefacts vs Antemortem Changes Histopathological Staining Protocols & Diagnostic Visceral Cytology (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology FNAC, Biopsy)

Clinical Pathology

2 टॉपिक्स
Erythrocyte Kinetics, Erythropoiesis Sequence & Regenerative Anemia (Polychromasia, Macrocytosis, Nucleated RBCs) Diagnostic Clinical Enzymology, Leukogram Interpretations & Toxic Basophilic Stippling in RBCs

Systemic Pathology

3 टॉपिक्स
Pathology of Digestive System: Primary Tympany Bloat, Rumenitis, Enteritis & Hepatic Cirrhosis Pathology of Urinary, Genital & Integumentary Systems: Nephritis, Metritis & Pinworm Anal Pruritus (Oxyuris equi) Pathology of Endocrine & Nervous Systems: Pituitary Adenoma, Cushing's, Hypothyroidism Cretinism, Fibrous Osteodystrophy

Pathology of Infectious Diseases

3 टॉपिक्स
Bacterial Infectious Pathology: Anthrax (Blackberry Jam Spleen), Bovine Tuberculosis Caseocalcareous Granuloma Viral Infectious Pathologies: Rinderpest (Stomatitis Enteritis Syndrome) & Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) Bacterial Respiratory & Cutaneous Pathologies: Glanders / Equine Farcy (Burkholderia mallei)

Avian Pathology

5 टॉपिक्स
Avian Oncogenic Viral Diseases: Marek's Disease (Neurolymphomatosis), Lymphoid Leukosis Big Liver & Sarcoma Complex Avian Paramyxovirus & Birnavirus Infections: Newcastle Disease Pathotypes (Velogenic) & Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) Avian Bacterial & Spirochaetal Pathologies: Avian Spirochaetosis (Borrelia anserina) & Infectious Sinusitis (Mycoplasma) Avian Adenoviral Pathologies: Hydropericardium Syndrome (Angara Disease FAdV-4, Basophilic Inclusion Bodies) Avian Metabolic & Cardiopulmonary Pathologies: Broiler Ascites Syndrome & Pulmonary Hypertension

Nutritional and Production Pathology

2 टॉपिक्स
Vitamin E and Selenium Deficiency Pathologies: White Muscle Disease, Mulberry Heart Disease, Hepatosis Dietetica, Encephalomalacia Production Diseases of Ruminants: Ketosis (Acetonemia, Negative Energy Balance), Milk Fever & Hypocalcemia

Pathology of Toxicosis

1 टॉपिक्स
Mycotoxic Pathology: Aflatoxicosis (Groundnut Poisoning), Ochratoxicosis, Degnala Disease & ELEM Fumonisin B1

Pathology of Diseases of Laboratory and Wild Animals

1 टॉपिक्स
Pathology of Laboratory Rodents, Lagomorphs & Wildlife: Tularemia in Rabbits (Francisella tularensis)
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