Q26: What is the correct decision in a hypothesis if the... - Veterinary Extension Education, Sociology, Marketing & Statistics - ICAR AIEEA PG Animal Sciences 14 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper | Agrigyan

Decision rule in statistical hypothesis testing:

• The critical region (rejection region) is the set of values of the test statistic for which the null hypothesis ($H_0$) is rejected at a chosen significance level ($\alpha$).
• If the computed test statistic (e.g. $t_{\text{cal}}$) falls inside the critical region ($|t_{\text{cal}}| \gt t_{\text{crit}}$), the observed difference is statistically significant, leading directly to the rejection of the null hypothesis ($H_0$).
  
  Option analysis:
• Reject $H_0$ is the fundamental decision rule in statistics (Key 1).
• Occurs when the statistic is outside the critical region.
• and (D) Option 4: Tests explicitly evaluate $H_0$, not directly rejecting $H_1$.