Silviculture & Agroforestry

Forest type classification of Teak (Tectona grandis):

• Tropical semi-evergreen forests belongs to Group 2.
• Littoral and swamp forest belongs to Group 4.
• Tropical dry deciduous forests (Group 5): Dry teak-bearing forests are categorized under Type 5A/C1 within Group 5 (Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests) in Champion and Seth's revised survey.
• Subtropical pine forests belongs to Group 9.
  
  Option breakdown:
• Group 2 contains semi-evergreen species.
• Group 4 contains wetlands and mangroves.
• Group 5 contains dry teak bearing forests.
• Group 9 contains chir pine.

Ecological diversity and richness indices:

• Margalef's richness index ($D_{Mg} = \frac{S - 1}{\ln N}$) specifically evaluates species richness (number of species relative to sample size $N$).
• Shannon-Wiener index measures overall diversity incorporating both richness and evenness.
• Simpson's index measures dominance and diversity.
• Pielou's index ($J'$) specifically evaluates species evenness.
  
  Option breakdown:
• Margalef's index evaluates species richness.
• Measures total diversity.
• Measures dominance/diversity.
• Measures evenness.

Botanical sciences:

• Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location.
• Phytogeography (plant geography): The branch of biogeography concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species and their influence on the earth's surface.
• Geospatial refers to data with geographic coordinates.
• Forest type is an ecological category of forest vegetation.
  
  Option breakdown:
• Local confinement of species.
• Phytogeography is the study of plant distribution.
• Spatial data science.
• Silvicultural classification unit.