Which of the following fungi form endomycorrhizal associations with the plants?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन से कवक पौधों के साथ एंडोमाइकोराइज़ल (अंतःकवकजाल / Endomycorrhizal) संबंध बनाते हैं?
EXPLANATION
Biofertilizers & Nitrogen Fixation
Endomycorrhizal Fungi:
- Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) / Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM) represent the most widespread type of endomycorrhiza, forming mutualistic symbiotic associations with more than 80% of terrestrial vascular plants.
- The hyphae penetrate root cortical cells to form branched arbuscules (for nutrient exchange, notably phosphorus) and vesicles (for storage).
- All arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi belong exclusively to the phylum Glomeromycota (Glomeromycetes), including genera such as Glomus, Gigaspora, Acaulospora, and Rhizophagus.
- Ectomycorrhizae are predominantly formed by Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes with forest trees.
Correct Answer: Option 4 (Glomeromycetes).
विस्तृत व्याख्या:
Endomycorrhizal Fungi (ग्लोमेरोमाइकोटा एवं वैम कवक):
- Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) / Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM) represent the most widespread type of endomycorrhiza, forming mutualistic symbiotic associations with more than 80% of terrestrial vascular plants.
- The hyphae penetrate root cortical cells to form branched arbuscules (for nutrient exchange, notably phosphorus) and vesicles (for storage).
- All arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi belong exclusively to the phylum Glomeromycota (Glomeromycetes), including genera such as Glomus, Gigaspora, Acaulospora, and Rhizophagus.
- Ectomycorrhizae are predominantly formed by Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes with forest trees.
Correct Answer: Option 4 (Glomeromycetes).
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