Q.2
ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Plant Sciences (Q.118)
MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1
English हिन्दी

Cytoplasmic male sterility is commonly used in hybrid seed production in the following crops:

(A) Wheat
(B) Sorghum
(C) Sunflower
(D) Corn
(E) Chickpea

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

निम्नलिखित फसलों में संकर बीज उत्पादन में कोशिकाद्रव्यी नर बाँझपन (Cytoplasmic male sterility / CMS) का आमतौर पर उपयोग किया जाता है:

(A) गेहूँ (Wheat)
(B) ज्वार (Sorghum)
(C) सूरजमुखी (Sunflower)
(D) मक्का (Corn)
(E) चना (Chickpea)

नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर चुनिए:

EXPLANATION Heterosis, Inbreeding Depression, Combining Ability and Hybrid Seed Production

Crops Utilizing CMS in Commercial Hybrid Seed Production:

  • Sorghum: Commercial hybrid seed production relies on the 3-line CMS system ($A, B, R$ lines) based on milo cytoplasm (combined with kafir nuclear genome, e.g., CSH-1, CSH-9).
  • Sunflower: Relies entirely on the stable PET-1 CMS cytoplasm (derived from Helianthus petiolaris by Leclercq) combined with nuclear fertility restorer ($Rf$) genes for commercial hybrid seed production.
  • Corn / Maize: Historically and currently utilizes cytoplasmic male sterility systems (such as Texas CMS-T, CMS-S, and CMS-C) alongside mechanical detasseling.
  • In contrast, commercial hybrid seed production systems in Wheat (A) and Chickpea (E) do not utilize commercial CMS systems (hybrid wheat uses chemical hybridizing agents / CHAs or is autogamous varietal breeding; chickpea is self-pollinated and commercial hybrids are not widely produced with CMS).
Therefore, CMS is commonly used in (B) Sorghum, (C) Sunflower, and (D) Corn. Correct Answer: Option 1 ((B), (C) and (D) only).

विस्तृत व्याख्या:

Crops Utilizing CMS in Commercial Hybrid Seed Production (व्यावसायिक संकर बीज उत्पादन में CMS का उपयोग):

  • Sorghum (ज्वार): Commercial hybrid seed production relies on the 3-line CMS system ($A, B, R$ lines) based on milo cytoplasm (combined with kafir nuclear genome, e.g., CSH-1, CSH-9).
  • Sunflower (सूरजमुखी): Relies entirely on the stable PET-1 CMS cytoplasm (derived from Helianthus petiolaris by Leclercq) combined with nuclear fertility restorer ($Rf$) genes for commercial hybrid seed production.
  • Corn / Maize (मक्का): Historically and currently utilizes cytoplasmic male sterility systems (such as Texas CMS-T, CMS-S, and CMS-C) alongside mechanical detasseling.
  • In contrast, commercial hybrid seed production systems in Wheat (A) and Chickpea (E) do not utilize commercial CMS systems (hybrid wheat uses chemical hybridizing agents / CHAs or is autogamous varietal breeding; chickpea is self-pollinated and commercial hybrids are not widely produced with CMS).
Therefore, CMS is commonly used in (B) Sorghum, (C) Sunflower, and (D) Corn. Correct Answer: Option 1 ((B), (C) and (D) only).
Explanation not matching this question? क्या व्याख्या इस प्रश्न से मेल नहीं खा रही? Report
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