In Microsoft Word and common text editors:
Subscript (e.g., $X_2$, $H_2O$): Shortcut key is Ctrl + =.
Superscript (e.g., $X^2$): Shortcut key is Ctrl + Shift + = (or Ctrl + Shift + +).

Student's t-distribution is a symmetric bell-shaped distribution centered at 0.

For a two-tailed test of significance, the magnitude of the test statistic $|t|$ determines statistical significance and the p-value.
Since $|-5| = |+5| = 5$, both values lie at the exact same distance into the rejection region in opposite tails, yielding identical two-tailed p-values.

Analysis of computer memory hierarchy:

• Incorrect: Virtual memory is secondary storage (hard drive/SSD) space utilized by the OS to simulate additional RAM.
• Correct: Cache memory is a small, extremely fast SRAM buffer situated between the CPU core and the main memory (RAM). It stores frequently accessed instructions and data to reduce CPU wait time and eliminate memory latency bottlenecks.
• Incorrect: Dynamic RAM (DRAM) constitutes standard main memory.
• Incorrect: Flash memory is non-volatile storage used in SSDs and USB drives.

Analysis of network device roles:

• Correct: In the client-server architecture, a client is an end-user hardware device or software program that initiates requests for resources, data, or files from a central server.
• Incorrect: A host refers generically to any computer connected to a network that possesses an IP address.
• Incorrect: A router is a network hardware device that forwards data packets between computer networks.
• Incorrect: A web server is the responding machine that stores files and serves incoming requests.