Q.4
ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Statistical Sciences (Q.106)
MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1
Evaluate $\int_0^1 \frac{1}{\sqrt{-\log_e x}}\, dx$:
$\int_0^1 \frac{1}{\sqrt{-\log_e x}}\, dx$ का मान ज्ञात कीजिए:

Substitute $t = -\log_e x \implies x = e^{-t} \implies dx = -e^{-t}\, dt$.

When $x = 0$, $t \to +\infty$.
When $x = 1$, $t = 0$.

The integral transforms to:

$$I = \int_{+\infty}^0 \frac{1}{\sqrt{t}} (-e^{-t})\, dt = \int_0^\infty t^{-1/2} e^{-t}\, dt$$

By definition of the Gamma function $\Gamma(n) = \int_0^\infty t^{n-1} e^{-t}\, dt$ with $n = 1/2$:

$$I = \Gamma\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = \sqrt{\pi}$$
Hence, Option 4 ($\sqrt{\pi}$) is correct.

प्रतिस्थापन $t = -\log_e x \implies x = e^{-t} \implies dx = -e^{-t}\, dt$ करने पर:
जब $x = 0 \implies t \to \infty$
जब $x = 1 \implies t = 0$

समाकल गामा फलन (Gamma function) में बदल जाता है:

$$I = \int_0^\infty t^{-1/2} e^{-t}\, dt = \Gamma\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = \sqrt{\pi}$$
अतः सही उत्तर $\sqrt{\pi}$ (विकल्प 4) है।
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