In Karnataka, Taungya system was practiced for the first time in...

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All Subjects General Agriculture, Economics, Extension, Plant Protection & Statistics Silviculture, Agroforestry, Forest Management, Tree Improvement & Utilization

Q.116

ICAR AIEEA PG Forestry / Agroforestry 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

MCQ (Single Correct)

In JFPM, benefits are shared between the

संयुक्त वन आयोजना एवं प्रबंधन (JFPM) में लाभों का बंटवारा किनके बीच किया जाता है?

Forest department and traders वन विभाग और व्यापारियों के बीच Villagers and forest department ग्रामीणों और वन विभाग के बीच Villagers and the traders ग्रामीणों और व्यापारियों के बीच Villagers alone केवल ग्रामीणों को

Detailed Analysis of JFPM Benefit Sharing:

Villagers and Forest Department (Option 2): Under Joint Forest Management (JFM / JFPM), formalized by the Government of India circular in June 1990, degraded state forest lands are protected and co-managed through a mutual partnership between local community village institutions (Village Forest Committees / VFCs) and the State Forest Department. In return for protection, communities receive 100% of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) and a substantial predetermined share (usually 25% to 50%) of final timber harvests, sharing benefits directly with the Forest Department. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
Options 1, 3, and 4: Private traders have no statutory role in co-management benefit-sharing agreements.

JFPM लाभ वितरण का विस्तृत विश्लेषण:

ग्रामीणों और वन विभाग के बीच (विकल्प 2): संयुक्त वन योजना एवं प्रबंधन (JFPM / JFM) के तहत, जिसकी शुरुआत जून 1990 के भारत सरकार के परिपत्र द्वारा हुई थी, स्थानीय ग्रामीण समुदाय (ग्राम वन समिति) और राज्य वन विभाग के बीच साझेदारी स्थापित होती है। वन की सुरक्षा के बदले ग्रामीणों को गैर-काष्ठ वन उत्पाद (NTFPs) तथा परिपक्व काष्ठ की शुद्ध आय का एक निश्चित हिस्सा (25% से 50%) प्राप्त होता है। अतः लाभ का बंटवारा ग्रामीणों और वन विभाग के मध्य होता है। अतः विकल्प 2 सही उत्तर है।
, 3 और 4: व्यापारियों की जेएफएम लाभ बंटवारे में कोई वैधानिक भूमिका नहीं होती।

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Q.117

ICAR AIEEA PG Forestry / Agroforestry 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

MCQ (Single Correct)

The term which refers to "removal of tree crop from a piece of land without any intention of tree planting" is

"वृक्षारोपण के किसी भी इरादे के बिना किसी भूमि से वृक्ष सस्य को हटाने" को संदर्भित करने वाला शब्द कौन-सा है?

Reforestation पुनर्वनीकरण Regeneration पुनर्जनन Deforestation वनों की कटाई / वनोन्मूलन Afforestation वनीकरण

Detailed Analysis of Forest Terms:

Deforestation (Option 3): The permanent conversion of forested land to non-forest land uses (e.g., agriculture, urban infrastructure, pasture, mining) involving the clear-cutting and removal of forest cover with no intention or provision for re-establishing a tree crop. Hence, Option 3 is correct.
Reforestation (Option 1): Re-establishing forest cover on lands that previously carried forest.
Regeneration (Option 2): Renewal of a forest crop by natural or artificial means.
Afforestation (Option 4): Establishing a forest on an area from which forest vegetation has always or long been absent.

वानिकी शब्दावली का विस्तृत विश्लेषण:

वनोन्मूलन / वनों की कटाई (Deforestation) (विकल्प 3): किसी भूमि से वृक्षों को पूरी तरह काटकर हटा देना और उस पर पुनः वृक्षारोपण करने का कोई इरादा न होना तथा भूमि को गैर-वानिकी उपयोग (खेती, उद्योग, आवास) में बदल देना वनोन्मूलन (Deforestation) कहलाता है। अतः विकल्प 3 सही उत्तर है।
पुनर्वनीकरण (Reforestation) (विकल्प 1): पूर्व में वन रहे क्षेत्र पर पुनः वृक्ष लगाना।
पुनर्जनन (Regeneration) (विकल्प 2): प्राकृतिक या कृत्रिम रूप से नई फसल स्थापित करना।
वनीकरण (Afforestation) (विकल्प 4): उस क्षेत्र में वन लगाना जहाँ पहले कभी वन नहीं था।

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Q.118

ICAR AIEEA PG Forestry / Agroforestry 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

MCQ (Single Correct)

Headquarters of IFGTB and CAFRI are located at ______ and ______ respectively.

IFGTB और CAFRI के मुख्यालय क्रमशः ______ और ______ में स्थित हैं।

Dehradun & Chennai देहरादून एवं चेन्नई Dehradun & New Delhi देहरादून एवं नई दिल्ली Chennai & Bhopal चेन्नई एवं भोपाल Coimbatore & Jhansi कोयंबटूर एवं झांसी

Detailed Analysis of Forest Research Institutes:

IFGTB (Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding): A premier research institute under the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), located at Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
CAFRI (Central Agroforestry Research Institute, formerly NRCAF): The apex national research institute for agroforestry under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), located at Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh.

Hence, Coimbatore and Jhansi (Option 4) is the correct pair.

वानिकी अनुसंधान संस्थानों का विस्तृत विश्लेषण:

IFGTB (वन आनुवंशिकी एवं वृक्ष प्रजनन संस्थान): भारतीय वानिकी अनुसंधान एवं शिक्षा परिषद (ICFRE) का एक प्रमुख राष्ट्रीय संस्थान, जो कोयंबटूर (तमिलनाडु) में स्थित है।
CAFRI (केंद्रीय कृषि वानिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान, पूर्व नाम: NRCAF): भारतीय कृषि अनुसंधान परिषद (ICAR) के अधीन कृषि वानिकी का शीर्ष राष्ट्रीय संस्थान, जो झांसी (उत्तर प्रदेश) में स्थित है।

अतः इनके मुख्यालय क्रमशः कोयंबटूर एवं झांसी में स्थित हैं (विकल्प 4)।

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Q.119

ICAR AIEEA PG Forestry / Agroforestry 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

MCQ (Single Correct)

In Karnataka, Taungya system was practiced for the first time in the plantations of ______ and ______.

कर्नाटक में, तौंग्या प्रणाली का अभ्यास पहली बार ______ और ______ के वृक्षारोपणों में किया गया था।

Teak and Khair सागौन और खैर Teak and Sandal सागौन और चंदन Rosewood and Tendu रोजवुड और तेंदू Bamboo and Areca बांस और सुपारी

Detailed Historical Analysis of Taungya in Karnataka:

Teak and Sandal (Option 2): In Karnataka (the former princely state of Mysore and Canara forest circles), the Taungya agroforestry system (locally termed 'Kumri' cultivation in early records) was initially adopted in the late 19th / early 20th century specifically for raising plantations of its two most valuable commercial timber species: Teak (Tectona grandis) and Sandalwood (Santalum album). Hence, Option 2 is correct.
Options 1, 3, and 4: Do not represent the historical initial plantation pair in Karnataka.

कर्नाटक में तौंग्या प्रणाली के इतिहास का विस्तृत विश्लेषण:

सागौन और चंदन (विकल्प 2): कर्नाटक में तौंग्या प्रणाली (प्रारंभिक स्थानीय रूप: कुमरी) का प्रयोग सर्वप्रथम 19वीं सदी के उत्तरार्ध में राज्य के दो सर्वाधिक बहुमूल्य वाणिज्यिक काष्ठ वृक्षों—सागौन (Tectona grandis) और चंदन (Santalum album) के वृक्षारोपण को सफलतापूर्वक स्थापित करने हेतु किया गया था। अतः विकल्प 2 सही उत्तर है।
, 3 और 4: कर्नाटक में तौंग्या की ऐतिहासिक शुरुआत से संबंधित नहीं हैं।

Explanation not matching this question? क्या व्याख्या इस प्रश्न से मेल नहीं खा रही? Report

Q.120

ICAR AIEEA PG Forestry / Agroforestry 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper

Match the Following

Match List-I with List-II :

List-I Book		List-II ) Author(s
A	An introduction to Agroforestry	I	D.S. Chundawat and S.K. Gautam
B	Agroforestry Principles and Practices	II	P.K.R. Nair
C	Text book of Agroforestry	III	A.J. Raj and S.B. Lal
D	Agroforestry: Theory and Practices	IV	A.P. Dwivedi

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

सूची I को सूची II के साथ सुमेलित कीजिए :

सूची I पुस्तक		सूची II लेखक
A	ऐन इंट्रोडक्शन टू एग्रोफोरेस्ट्री (An introduction to Agroforestry)	I	डी.एस. चुंडावत एवं एस.के. गौतम (D.S. Chundawat and S.K. Gautam)
B	एग्रोफोरेस्ट्री प्रिंसिपल्स एंड प्रैक्टिसेज (Agroforestry Principles and Practices)	II	पी.के.आर. नायर (P.K.R. Nair)
C	टेक्स्ट बुक ऑफ एग्रोफोरेस्ट्री (Text book of Agroforestry)	III	ए.जे. राज एवं एस.बी. लाल (A.J. Raj and S.B. Lal)
D	एग्रोफोरेस्ट्री: थ्योरी एंड प्रैक्टिसेज (Agroforestry: Theory and Practices)	IV	ए.पी. द्विवेदी (A.P. Dwivedi)

नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर चुनिए :

(A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III) (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III) (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(I) (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(I) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV) (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV) (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)

Detailed Matching of Agroforestry Books and Authors:

An Introduction to Agroforestry -> (II) P.K.R. Nair (The seminal 1993 textbook published by Kluwer Academic Publishers / ICRAF).
Agroforestry: Principles and Practices -> (IV) A.P. Dwivedi (Classic comprehensive Indian textbook published by Oxford & IBH).
Text Book of Agroforestry -> (I) B.S. Chundawat and S.K. Gautam (Widely used textbook across Indian agricultural universities).
Agroforestry: Theory and Practices -> (III) Antony Joseph Raj and S.B. Lal (Comprehensive textbook published by Scientific Publishers).

Thus, the correct match is (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III), corresponding to Option 1.

कृषि वानिकी पुस्तकों एवं लेखकों का विस्तृत मिलान:

ऐन इंट्रोडक्शन टू एग्रोफोरेस्ट्री -> (II) पी.के.आर. नायर (P.K.R. Nair - 1993 में ICRAF द्वारा प्रकाशित विश्व प्रसिद्ध पुस्तक)।
एग्रोफोरेस्ट्री प्रिंसिपल्स एंड प्रैक्टिसेज -> (IV) ए.पी. द्विवेदी (A.P. Dwivedi - भारतीय वानिकी की मानक पुस्तक)।
टेक्स्ट बुक ऑफ एग्रोफोरेस्ट्री -> (I) बी.एस. चुंडावत एवं एस.के. गौतम (B.S. Chundawat & S.K. Gautam)।
एग्रोफोरेस्ट्री: थ्योरी एंड प्रैक्टिसेज -> (III) ए.जे. राज एवं एस.बी. लाल (A.J. Raj & S.B. Lal - साइंटिफिक पब्लिशर्स)।

अतः सही मिलान (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III) है, जो विकल्प 1 में दिया गया है।

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General Agriculture, Economics, Extension, Plant Protection & Statistics

8 Topics

General Agriculture, Agronomy, Soils, Soil Science, Pedogenic Processes and Watershed Hydrology Historical Milestones, Forest Research Infrastructure, ICFRE, FRI, Forest Surveys and National Forest Policies Agricultural and Forest Statistics, Sampling Techniques, Experimental Designs (CRD, RBD, LSD) and Data Analysis Forest Entomology: Insect Pests of Standing Forests, Defoliators, Borers and Integrated Pest Management Forest Extension, Participatory Forest Management (PFM), Joint Forest Management (JFM) and Social Forestry Agricultural and Forest Economics, Valuation, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Project Planning and Forest Finance Forest Pathology: Major Fungal, Bacterial, Viral Diseases of Forest Trees and Mycorrhizae Plant Physiology, Photosynthesis, Transpiration, Mineral Nutrition, Drought and Desert Adaptations

Silviculture, Agroforestry, Forest Management, Tree Improvement & Utilization

34 Topics

Principles of Silviculture, Forest Ecology, Champion and Seth Forest Types of India and Phytosociology Forest Policy, Forest Legislation (Indian Forest Act 1927, Forest Conservation Act 1980, FRA 2006) and International Conventions Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs): Gums, Resins, Oleoresins, Tannins, Dyes, Fibers and Flosses Wildlife Conservation, Protected Area Network (National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves) and CITES Agroforestry Principles, Concepts, Classification (Agrisilviculture, Silvopasture, Agrosilvopasture) and Diagnostics (D and D) Agroforestry Systems: Alley Cropping, Windbreaks, Shelterbelts, Homegardens, Taungya and Shifting Cultivation Active Forest Genetics, Breeding Systems, Heritability, Genetic Gain and Heterosis in Forest Trees Forest Mensuration: Measurement of Tree Diameter, Girth, Height, Basal Area and Form Factors Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) from Forests: Identification, Harvesting, Processing and Active Principles Silviculture of Important Indian Trees: Teak, Sal, Shisham, Chir Pine, Deodar, Babul and Bamboo Forest Growth and Yield Modeling: CAI, MAI, Site Quality Index, Yield Tables and Stand Structure Seed Technology of Forest Trees: Seed Collection, Extraction, Testing, Certification and Seed Orchards (SSO, CSO) Multipurpose Trees and Shrubs (MPTs) in Agroforestry, Nitrogen Fixing Trees and Biomass Production Silvicultural Systems: High Forest Systems (Clear Felling, Shelterwood, Selection) and Coppice Systems Forest Tree Improvement, Provenance Testing, Plus Tree Selection and Progeny Testing Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood: Specific Gravity, Moisture Content, Shrinkage and Strength Classes Vegetative Propagation and Clonal Forestry: Macropropagation (Cuttings, Grafting) and Tissue Culture Forest Protection: Forest Fires (Types, Control, Firebreaks), Grazing Management and Encroachment Artificial Regeneration, Forest Nursery Practices, Containerized Seedlings and Plantation Techniques Environmental Forestry, Urban Forestry, Carbon Sequestration, REDD+, Climate Change Mitigation and Eco-Restoration Forest Harvesting, Logging Engineering, Felling Tools, Extraction, Skidding and Transport Forest Resource Assessment, National Forest Inventory, India State of Forest Report (ISFR) and Forest Statistics Silvicultural Practices: Thinning, Pruning, Weeding, Cleaning, Girdling and Canopy Management Tree-Crop Interactions: Microclimate Modification, Nutrient Cycling, Complementarity and Allelopathy Wood Anatomy and Structure: Gross Features, Microscopic Elements, Growth Rings, Sapwood and Heartwood Bamboo and Rattan (Cane) Management, Utilization, Propagation and Value Addition Wood Seasoning and Preservation: Air and Kiln Drying, Preservatives (CCA, Creosote) and Treatment Methods Forest Management Principles, Sustained Yield, Normal Forest Concept, Rotation and Increment Forest Working Plans: Preparation, Compartment History, Stock Mapping and Management Prescriptions Composite Wood and Wood-Based Panels: Plywood, Particle Board, Fiberboard and Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Forest Surveying and Leveling: Chain, Compass, Plane Table, Theodolite and GPS Forest Yield Regulation: Area, Volume, Combined Methods (Von Mantels Formula, Austrian Formula) Natural Regeneration of Forest Trees, Seed Dispersal, Germination Biology and Coppice Systems Volume Estimation: Tree Volume Tables, Log Rules, Stacked Volume, Bark Thickness and Wood Biomass

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