Q.1
Microbiology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024 (Q.7)
Statement Based +4 −1

Given below are two statements

Statement (|); Climate is a weather condition related to smaller areas at a given place and at a given time.
Statement (II) : Weather is a condition of atmosphere at a given place and at a given time

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Q.2
Microbiology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024 (Q.8)
MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1
The local name of cyclone in Philippines is
Q.3
Microbiology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024 (Q.17)
MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1

Which of the following is NOT a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions from livestock farming?

Microbiology विषय एवं अध्याय

विषय एवं पाठ्यक्रम के अनुसार सभी अध्याय देखें

खंड अ: सामान्य कृषि

6 टॉपिक्स
शस्य विज्ञान, जुताई एवं फसल उत्पादन कोशिका विज्ञान, पादप कार्यिकी एवं जैव रसायन कृषि कीट विज्ञान, सूत्रकृमि विज्ञान एवं फसल सुरक्षा कृषि मौसम विज्ञान एवं जलवायु विज्ञान सक्रिय मृदा विज्ञान, पादप पोषण एवं सुधार फसल आनुवंशिकी, पादप प्रजनन एवं आईपीआर

आधारभूत जैव रसायन एवं जैव-अणु

3 टॉपिक्स
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins: Structure, Classification, and Conformation Cell Structure, Biomembranes, and Bioenergetics Carbohydrates and Lipids: Structure, Stereochemistry, and Properties

कोशिकांग एवं पादप जल संबंध

2 टॉपिक्स
Plant Cell Architecture, Organelles, Cytoskeleton and Membrane Transport Ascent of Sap, Transpiration, Stomatal Mechanics and Guttation

कोशिका संरचना, कार्य एवं कोशिका चक्र

2 टॉपिक्स
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell Architecture, Organelles and Subcellular Fractionation Cell Cycle Regulation, Checkpoints, Signal Transduction and Apoptosis

सूक्ष्मजीव जगत का इतिहास

3 टॉपिक्स
Historical Milestones, Spontaneous Generation, Germ Theory and Vaccine Development Soil Microbiology Pioneers: Winogradsky, Beijerinck and Nitrogen Fixation Discovery Microbial Taxonomy, Bergey's Manual Systems and Cyanobacterial Classification

मूल सूक्ष्मजैविक तकनीकें

4 टॉपिक्स
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Disc Diffusion, MIC and Antibiotic Assays Food Safety Systems, HACCP Principles, Milk Quality and Microbial Standards Culture Media Formulations, Pure Culture Isolation, Lyophilization and Preservation Fermentation Technologies, Bioreactor Kinetics, Scale-Up and Aeration (OTR)

जैव-अणु एवं उपापचयी जैव रसायन

1 टॉपिक्स
Amino Acids, Protein Folding, Heat Shock Proteins and Secondary Metabolites

मध्यवर्ती उपापचय एवं उपापचयी पथ

2 टॉपिक्स
Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, TCA Cycle, Glyoxylate Pathway, and Gluconeogenesis Lipid Metabolism, Beta-Oxidation, and Ketone Bodies

उपापचयी प्रक्रम एवं पादप वृद्धि नियमन

2 टॉपिक्स
Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Lipid Metabolism and Assimilation Plant Respiration, Glycolysis, TCA Cycle, and Alternative Oxidase

एंजाइम, विटामिन एवं हार्मोन जैव रसायन

1 टॉपिक्स
Coenzymes, Isozymes, and Vitamins

एंजाइम विज्ञान, गतिकी एवं प्रोटीन अभियांत्रिकी

1 टॉपिक्स
Enzyme Classification, Kinetics, Inhibition and Allostery

सूक्ष्मजैविक कार्यिकी

6 टॉपिक्स
Microbial Secondary Metabolism, Industrial Enzymes, Vitamins and Fermented Foods Bacterial Motility Systems: Flagellar Mechanics, Type IV Pili and Chemotaxis Chemolithotrophy, Iron/Sulfur Oxidation and Archaeal Retinal Proteins Bacterial Cell Envelope: Peptidoglycan, Gram-Negative Outer Membrane and LPS Bacterial Endospores: Sporulation Stages, Dipicolinic Acid, SASPs and Heat Resistance Nitrogen Fixation Biochemistry: Nitrogenase Isoforms (Mo/V/Fe) and Regulation

पादपों में अजैविक तनाव अनुक्रियाएं एवं कार्यिकी

1 टॉपिक्स
Drought and Water Deficit Stress Physiology and Osmotic Adjustment

सूक्ष्मजैविक आनुवंशिकी

4 टॉपिक्स
Bacterial Replication Timing, Plasmids, Incompatibilities and Shuttle Vectors Chemical Mutagenesis, Base Analogs, Deamination and Alkylating Agents Two-Component Regulatory Systems, Osmoregulation and Catabolite Control Bacteriophage Biology, Transpositional Phage Mu and Phage Genetics

आणविक जीव विज्ञान एवं आनुवंशिक सूचना प्रक्रम

1 टॉपिक्स
DNA and RNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

आणविक आनुवंशिकी, जीन संगठन एवं उत्परिवर्तन

1 टॉपिक्स
Gene Concept, Split Genes, Overlapping Genes and Operon Regulation

जीन अभिव्यक्ति, अनुलेखन, अनुवाद एवं एपिजेनेटिक्स

1 टॉपिक्स
Central Dogma, DNA Replication Machinery and Replication Origins

पादप वृद्धि नियामक एवं पादप विकास

2 टॉपिक्स
Auxins and Cytokinins: Biosynthesis, Transport, Signaling and Morphogenesis Abscisic Acid, Ethylene, and Jasmonates: Signaling and Stress Responses

मृदा सूक्ष्मजीव विज्ञान

5 टॉपिक्स
Symbiotic Associations: Mycorrhizae (VAM/Ecto), Rhizobia and Endophytic Diazotrophs Soil Microbial Biomass, Soil Health Indicators and Microbial Respiration Carbon Biogeochemistry, Cellulose Digestion and Lignin Decomposition Soil Nitrogen Transformations: Mineralization, Nitrification and Eukaryotic Denitrification Soil Sulfur and Phosphorus Dynamics: Mineralization, Oxidation and Solubilization

जैव रासायनिक एवं विश्लेषणात्मक तकनीकें

1 टॉपिक्स
Spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry, and Radioisotope Techniques

सूक्ष्मजैविक विविधता एवं पारिस्थितिकी

4 टॉपिक्स
Wastewater Treatment (Bardenpho Process), Xenobiotics and Pesticide Biodegradation Molecular Microbial Ecology: Metatranscriptomics, GeoChip and Molecular Phylogenetics Biomining, Bioleaching of Sulfide/Gold Ores and Acid Mine Drainage Microbial Interspecies Interactions: Mutualism, Commensalism, Predation and Amensalism

पादप खनिज पोषण, आयन अवशोषण एवं परिवहन

1 टॉपिक्स
Essential Plant Nutrients: Classification, Essentiality Criteria and Biochemical Roles

आणविक जीव विज्ञान तकनीकें एवं ओमिक्स विश्लेषण

2 टॉपिक्स
DNA Sequencing Technologies, High-Throughput Genomics and Proteomics Electrophoresis, Centrifugation, Chromatography and Protein Estimation

आणविक जीव विज्ञान एवं आनुवंशिक सूचना प्रक्रम

1 टॉपिक्स
DNA Repair Pathways, Ribosomes and Catalytic RNAs (Ribozymes)

पादप उपापचयी प्रक्रम एवं खनिज पोषण

1 टॉपिक्स
Mineral Nutrition, Nitrogen Fixation, and Assimilation

बीज विकास, कार्यिकी एवं प्रसुप्ति प्रबंधन

2 टॉपिक्स
Seed Development, Reserve Mobilization, and Desiccation Tolerance Seed Germination, Seed Vigour and Physiological Seed Dormancy

पुष्पन कार्यिकी, दीप्तिकालिता एवं जनन विज्ञान

1 टॉपिक्स
Photoperiodism, Phytochromes and Floral Induction (Florigen)

पादप आणविक जीव विज्ञान एवं कार्यात्मक जीनोमिक्स

1 टॉपिक्स
Plant Genome Organization, Organellar DNA, and Cytoplasmic Male Sterility

पादप जैव प्रौद्योगिकी एवं आनुवंशिक अभियांत्रिकी

2 टॉपिक्स
Recombinant DNA Technology, Cloning Vectors, and Enzymes Plant Genetic Transformation, Transgenics, and Genome Editing

पादप ऊतक संवर्धन, सूक्ष्म प्रवर्धन एवं क्रायोप्रिजर्वेशन

1 टॉपिक्स
Haploids, Embryo Rescue, Protoplast Fusion and Germplasm Repositories

पादप आनुवंशिक अभियांत्रिकी एवं ट्रांसजेनिक फसलें

2 टॉपिक्स
Plant Transformation Systems: Agrobacterium T-DNA and Direct Gene Delivery Transgenic Crop Technologies, Biofortification and Trait Engineering

आणविक मार्कर्स, जीनोमिक्स एवं मार्कर सहायित चयन

1 टॉपिक्स
Molecular Marker Systems, Genetic Diversity and Mapping Populations
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