Muscle Biochemistry, Rigor Mortis, DFD (Dark, Firm, Dry) & PSE (Pale, Soft, Exudative) Meat Syndromes - Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology | Agrigyan

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Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024 (Q.99)
Assertion & Reason +4 −1

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Dark firm and dry condition in meat is related to stress before slaughter.
Reason (R) : Stress depletes glycogen reserve leading to higher pH attained than the desirable pH

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

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General Agriculture

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Agricultural Meteorology & Climate Science Soil Science, Plant Nutrition & Reclamation Crop Genetics, Plant Breeding & IPR Cell Biology, Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Agricultural Entomology, Nematology & Crop Protection

General Bacteriology

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Bacterial Virulence Mechanisms, Pathogenicity Islands, Bacterial Toxins (Anthrax Toxins, Enterotoxins) & LPS Mutants Bacterial Morphology, Ultrastructure, Cell Wall Chemistry & Special Staining Techniques (Gram, ZN, MZN, Dienes) Bacterial Physiology, Growth Kinetics, Nutrition (Phototrophs, Autotrophs) & Bacterial Genetics (Conjugation, Transduction)

Introduction, History and Etiology

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Historical Milestones in Pathology (Morgagni Seats and Causes of Disease, Virchow, Metchnikoff) & General Etiology

Veterinary Helminthology

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Trematode Morphology, Systematic Classification & Fluke Biology (Fasciola, Gigantocotyle, Gastrodiscus, Paramphistomum) Bursate Nematodes (Order Strongylida: Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus, Ancylostoma, Syngamus, Metastrongylus)

Veterinary Public Health

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World Zoonoses Day, International Health Agencies (WHO, WOAH, FAO) & VPH Administration VPH Concepts, Historical Milestones, Intersectoral Collaboration & One Health Paradigm

Haemodynamic Derangements, Degeneration and Necrosis

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Circulatory Disturbances: Hyperaemia, General Chronic Passive Congestion, Nutmeg Liver & Brown Induration of Lung Edema Pathophysiology, Starling Forces, Hydropericardium & Ascites Portal Hypertension Cell Death: Irreversible Hypoxic Injury, Apoptosis & Necrosis Types (Coagulative, Liquefactive, Caseous, Fibrinoid)

Milk Hygiene

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Systematic Bacteriology

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Endospore-Forming Bacilli & Clostridial Diseases (Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium perfringens, C. septicum, C. novyi) Rickettsiales & Anaplasmataceae (Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. platys, Ehrlichia canis, E. ewingii, Neorickettsia)

Veterinary Entomology

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General Virology

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Meat Hygiene

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Swine Slaughter Operations, Scalding Systems (Scalding Tank vs Vertical Scalding) & Dressing Procedures Antemortem Inspection, Judgement Categories & Disease Diagnosis in Live Animals Post-Mortem Inspection, Carcass Condemnation Criteria & Granulomatous Lymph Node Pathology (Tuberculosis, Johne's) Muscle Biochemistry, Rigor Mortis, DFD (Dark, Firm, Dry) & PSE (Pale, Soft, Exudative) Meat Syndromes Active Meat Speciation, Adulteration Detection & Analytical Techniques (PCR, PAGE, Isoelectric Focusing, ELISA)

Food-borne Infections and Intoxications

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Bacterial Food-Borne Infections (Salmonella enterica, Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia) Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC O157:H7, Shiga-like Toxins, Beta-Glucuronidase Phenotype) Clostridium perfringens & Bacillus cereus Toxicoinfections & Enterotoxin Detection Assays Food Preservation Principles, Low-Temperature Freezing Kinetics (Quick vs Slow Freezing), Salting & Water Activity Bacterial Food Intoxications (Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins, Clostridium botulinum Botulism) Non-Bacterial Food-Borne Hazards, Scombroid Histamine Poisoning & Marine Biotoxins

Systematic Virology

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DNA Viruses of Veterinary Importance (Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, Asfarviridae African Swine Fever, Parvoviridae) Non-Segmented Negative-Sense RNA Viruses (Rhabdoviridae Rabies, Paramyxoviridae Newcastle/Rinderpest/Distemper)

Mycology

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Parasitic Zoonoses

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Zoonoses

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Disturbances in Cell Growth and Oncology

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Cellular Adaptive Responses (Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Metaplasia & Dysplasia)

Environmental Hygiene

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Water Quality Standards, Purification Technologies (Rapid Sand Filtration) & Chlorination Chemistry (DPD Assay, Dechlorination) Heavy Metal & Chemical Contaminants in Drinking Water (WHO Lead Standards, Arsenic, Fluoride) Air Pollution, Industrial Effluents, Occupational Dust Inhalation & Pneumoconiosis (Coal Worker's Anthracosis, Silicosis) Farm Waste Management, Carcass Disposal, Radiation Contamination & Radioactive Fallout

Immunology

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Management of Livestock Parasitism

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Epidemiology

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Immunoparasitology

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Molecular Cell Biology (Vaccine & Diagnostic Technology)

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Clinical Pathology

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Experimental Animal Medicine

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Health Education

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Systemic Pathology

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Pathology of Digestive System: Primary Tympany Bloat, Rumenitis, Enteritis & Hepatic Cirrhosis

Pathology of Infectious Diseases

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Standard Guidelines and Legislation

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Nutritional and Production Pathology

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