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What is the primary advantage of pressurized irrigation systems over traditional gravity-based systems?
EXPLANATION
Micro-Irrigation Systems
- Pressurized Irrigation Systems (Drip & Sprinkler): Water is conveyed through closed pipelines under pump pressure directly to the crop root zone.
- Application Efficiency: Reaches 75% to 85% in sprinkler systems and 90% to 95% in drip systems, compared to only 30% to 45% in conventional gravity-fed surface methods (furrow, basin, flooding) plagued by deep percolation and conveyance losses.
- Capital Cost: Pressurized systems require significantly higher (not lower) initial investment. (Correct answer: Option 3)
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