Q.5
ICAR AIEEA PG Dairy Technology 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper (Q.18)
Statement Based +4 −1

Given below are two statements pertaining to bacteria used in cheese making

Statement (I) : Propionibacteria species are Gram +ve rods that cause eye by lactate metabolism in Swiss type of cheese.
Statement (II) : Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris is Gm +ve cocci produce eye in Gouda and Edam cheese by lactate metabolism.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

पनीर निर्माण में प्रयुक्त जीवाणुओं से संबंधित दो कथन नीचे दिए गए हैं:

कथन (I) : प्रोपियोनीबैक्टीरिया प्रजातियां ग्राम धनात्मक (Gram +ve) रॉड्स हैं जो स्विस प्रकार के पनीर में लैक्टेट चयापचय द्वारा आँखें (eyes) बनाती हैं।
कथन (II) : ल्यूकोनोस्टोक मेसेंटेरोइड्स सबएसपी. क्रेमोरिस (Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris) ग्राम धनात्मक कोक्सी हैं जो लैक्टेट चयापचय द्वारा गौडा और एडाम पनीर में आँखें बनाते हैं।

उपरोक्त कथनों के आलोक में, नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सबसे उपयुक्त उत्तर चुनें:

Mechanisms of eye formation in Swiss vs Dutch type cheeses:

  • Statement (I) is correct: Propionibacterium freudenreichii is a Gram-positive rod that ferments lactic acid (lactate) into propionic acid, acetic acid, and $CO_2$ ($3\text{ Lactate} \to 2\text{ Propionate} + \text{Acetate} + CO_2 + H_2O$), generating gas that accumulates into large eyes in Swiss (Emmental) cheese.
  • Statement (II) is incorrect: Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris produces carbon dioxide and small round eyes in Gouda and Edam cheeses through the fermentation of citrate (citric acid metabolism via citrate lyase), not from lactate metabolism.
  • Therefore, Statement (I) is correct while Statement (II) is incorrect.
  • Thus, option 4 is the correct answer.

स्विस बनाम डच चीज़ में आँख निर्माण (Eye formation) की क्रियाविधि:

  • कथन (I) सही है: प्रोपियोनीबैक्टीरिया ग्राम धनात्मक रॉड होते हैं जो लैक्टेट के किण्वन द्वारा प्रोपियोनिक एसिड और $CO_2$ गैस बनाते हैं, जिससे स्विस पनीर में बड़ी आँखें बनती हैं।
  • कथन (II) गलत है: ल्यूकोनोस्टोक मेसेंटेरोइड्स सबएसपी. क्रेमोरिस गौडा और एडाम पनीर में आँखें साइट्रेट चयापचय (Citrate metabolism) द्वारा बनाते हैं, लैक्टेट चयापचय द्वारा नहीं।
  • अतः कथन (I) सही है और कथन (II) गलत है।
  • अतः विकल्प 4 सही उत्तर है।
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