Attenuation: The reduction or loss in optical signal power as light pulses propagate through the optical fiber core over distance, typically measured in decibels per kilometer (dB/km).
Caused primarily by absorption (material and impurity absorption) and scattering (Rayleigh scattering).
Other Terms:
Propagation: The physical transmission and wave motion of light through the fiber.
Scattering: A physical mechanism contributing to attenuation.
Conclusion: The loss in signal power is called Attenuation (Option 1).
Correct option: (1) Attenuation
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