The primary endogenous substrate for nitric oxide synthase is | Agrigyan

General Agriculture General Medicine General Surgery Veterinary Gynaecology Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System Diagnosis of Animal Diseases Anaesthesia Comparative Splanchnology Myology, Angiology, Neurology and Aesthesiology of Ox Gastroenterology Drugs Acting on Humoral and Autonomic Nervous Systems Accidents during Gestation Orthopaedics and Lameness Diseases of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary System General and Systemic Histology and Ultrastructure Surgery of Head and Neck Region Andrology Diseases of Urinary, Nervous, Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems Drugs Acting on Digestive System Thoracic Surgery Developmental Anatomy Production and Deficiency Diseases Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery Common Toxicities Autacoids Infectious Diseases (Bacterial and Mycoplasmal) Neuroanatomy Chemotherapy Infectious Diseases (Viral, Chlamydial, Rickettsial and Fungal) Toxicology Parasitic Diseases Poultry Diseases Equine Reproduction Veterinary Jurisprudence and Ethics Special Therapeutic Approaches Canine and Feline Reproduction Prevention and Control of Diseases
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Veterinary Medicine- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024
MCQ (Single Correct)
The primary endogenous substrate for nitric oxide synthase is

Veterinary Medicine Subjects

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General Agriculture

3 Topics
Soil Science, Plant Nutrition & Reclamation Agronomy, Tillage & Field Crop Production Crop Genetics, Plant Breeding & IPR

General Medicine

4 Topics
General Systemic States: Pathogenesis of Septicemia, Toxemia, Bacteremia & Pyemia Pathophysiology & Management of Shock: Hypovolemic, Cardiogenic, Septic & Anaphylactic Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Imbalances: Dehydration, Acidosis & Alkalosis Peracute Systemic Syndromes & Sudden Death in Farm Animals

General Surgery

1 Topic
Surgical Suture Materials: Synthetic Absorbable vs Polyamide/Nylon & Needle Selection

Veterinary Gynaecology

3 Topics
Functional Anatomy & Histology of Female Genitalia: Ovaries, Oviducts (Peg Cells) & Cervix (Sialomucin) Pregnancy Diagnosis: Rectal Palpation, Membrane Slip, Placentomes & Biomarkers Congenital & Developmental Anomalies: White Heifer Disease, Freemartinism & Intersexuality

Anaesthesia

1 Topic
Anaesthetic Monitoring, Neonatal Hypothermia & Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Comparative Splanchnology

1 Topic
Accessory Digestive Organs: Liver, Scythe-Shaped Spleen in Equines & Canine Pancreas

Diagnosis of Animal Diseases

3 Topics
Diagnostic Ultrasonography: Principles, Probes & Soft-Tissue Imaging in Farm Animals History Taking, Physical Restraint & General Clinical Examination Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics: Hematology, Urinalysis, Blood Biochemistry & Diagnostic Sequences

Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System

1 Topic
Central Stimulants, Anticonvulsants & Euthanatizing Agents

Accidents during Gestation

2 Topics
Gestational Pathology: Hydrallantois (Bloated Bull Frog) vs Hydramnios (Bulldog Calf) Fetal Death: Maceration, Mummification (Trimester & Bone Resorption) & Embryonic Mortality

Drugs Acting on Humoral and Autonomic Nervous Systems

2 Topics
Cholinergic Transmission: Muscarinic & Nicotinic Agonists, Anticholinesterases & Antidotes Adrenergic Antagonists: Alpha-Blockers (Tolazoline, Prazosin) & Beta-Blockers

Gastroenterology

5 Topics
Ruminal Tympany (Bloat): Pathogenesis of Frothy vs Free-Gas Bloat, Trocarization & Emergency Rumenotomy Hepatic Diseases: Hepatocellular, Hemolytic & Obstructive Jaundice, Hepatitis & Hepatic Lipidosis Enteritis, Secretory vs Malabsorptive Diarrhea & Dysentery in Farm Animals Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis (TRP), Traumatic Pericarditis & Vagus Indigestion Equine Colic: Etiology, Spasmodic, Impaction, Tympanitic & Strangulating Obstructions

Myology, Angiology, Neurology and Aesthesiology of Ox

2 Topics
Myology of Head, Neck & Trunk: Digastricus (Two Bellies), Sublumbar & Prepubic Tendon Peripheral Neurology & Clinical Nerve Blocks: Mental, Mandibular & Sweeney (Suprascapular)

Diseases of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary System

3 Topics
Pulmonary Congestion, Edema, Epistaxis & Hemoptysis in Animals Pulmonary Emphysema, Atelectasis & Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Pleuritis, Pleural Effusion & Thoracic Diagnostic Procedures

Orthopaedics and Lameness

2 Topics
Joint Affections: Coxo-Femoral Dislocation (Antero-Dorsal in Cattle) & Cranial Drawer Sign (CCL) Patellar Affections: Upward Fixation of Patella (Medial Patellar Desmotomy) & Canine Patellar Luxation

Andrology

3 Topics
Functional Anatomy & Histology of Male Genital Tract: Testes, Epididymis & Glands Spermatogenesis, Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle & Duration across Domestic Species Sperm Morphology & Viability: Primary vs Secondary Sperm Abnormalities & Staining

Diseases of Urinary, Nervous, Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems

5 Topics
Renal Pathology: Acute & Chronic Renal Failure, Nephrosis & Glomerulonephritis Lower Urinary Tract Disorders: Cystitis, Pyelonephritis & Urolithiasis Central Nervous System Diseases: Encephalitis, Meningitis, Brain Abscess & Listerial Neuropathy Functional & Paroxysmal Nervous Disorders: Epilepsy, Seizures & Tetanus Integumentary Disorders: Dermatitis, Impetigo, Alopecia, Parakeratosis & Hyperkeratosis

Drugs Acting on Digestive System

1 Topic
Gastric & Ruminal Pharmacology: Antacids, H2-Blockers, PPIs & Ruminal Buffers

General and Systemic Histology and Ultrastructure

3 Topics
Histology of Lymphoid Organs & Serosa: Peritoneal Mesothelium & Thymic Hassall's Corpuscles Muscle & Nervous Tissue Histology: Microglia (CNS Macrophages) & Auerbach's Plexus Histology of Digestive & Respiratory: Serous Demilunes, Brunner's Glands & Type II Pneumocytes

Surgery of Head and Neck Region

1 Topic
Laryngeal & Pharyngeal Surgery: Equine Laryngeal Hemiplegia (Roaring), Ventriculectomy & Tracheotomy

Developmental Anatomy

2 Topics
Fertilization, Cleavage Types (Meroblastic Discoidal in Birds) & Blastocyst Sequence Placentology & Fetal Remnants: Canine Zonary Endotheliochorial & Umbilical Vein Remnant

Production and Deficiency Diseases

2 Topics
Bovine Ketosis, Pregnancy Toxemia & Fatty Liver Syndrome (Hepatic Lipidosis) Trace Element Deficiencies & Toxicities: Copper, Cobalt, Selenium-Vitamin E & Zinc

Thoracic Surgery

1 Topic
Thoracic Anatomy (7 Sternal Vertebrae in Horse, Dorsal Longitudinal Ligament) & Approaches

Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery

3 Topics
Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV) in Dogs: Greater Curvature Necrosis & Gastropexy Urolithiasis & Urinary Surgery: Calculi at Goat Urethral Process, Tube Cystostomy & Urethrostomy Udder & Teat Surgery: Teat Lacerations, Teat Spider, Canal Obstruction & Mastectomy

Common Toxicities

2 Topics
Heavy Metal & Mineral Toxicities: Lead, Arsenic, Mercury, Copper & Fluorosis Mycotoxicoses: Aflatoxicosis, Ochratoxicosis, F-2 Toxin & Equine Leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM)

Autacoids

1 Topic
Vasoactive Peptides & Mediators: Kinins, Serotonin, Nitric Oxide & Endothelin Active

Infectious Diseases (Bacterial and Mycoplasmal)

4 Topics
Bovine Brucellosis, Tuberculosis (TB) & Paratuberculosis (Johne's Disease) Leptospirosis, Actinomycosis, Actinobacillosis & Swine Erysipelas Bovine Mastitis: Etiology, Major Contagious vs Environmental Pathogens, Diagnosis & Control Pasteurellosis & Hemorrhagic Septicemia (HS) in Cattle and Buffaloes

Chemotherapy

1 Topic
Anthelmintics, Antiprotozoals & Anticoccidials: Benzimidazoles, Macrocyclic Lactones & Robenidine

Infectious Diseases (Viral, Chlamydial, Rickettsial and Fungal)

4 Topics
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD): Serotypes, Viremic Pathogenesis, Sequelae (Hairy Panter) & Control Viral Encephalitides: Rabies Virus Pathogenesis, Clinical Progression & Pseudorabies Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bluetongue & Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) Fungal Diseases: Dermatophytosis (Ringworm), Aspergillosis, Keratomycosis & Systemic Mycoses

Neuroanatomy

1 Topic
Gross Morphology of Brain: Cerebrum, Cerebellum (Peduncles, Trapezoid Body) & Brainstem

Parasitic Diseases

4 Topics
Gastrointestinal Nematodiasis: Haemonchosis, Ostertagiasis, Ascariasis (Ascaris suum, Parascaris equorum) & Anthelmintic Resistance Trematode & Cestode Infections: Fasciolosis (Fasciola hepatica/gigantica), Paramphistomosis & Anoplocephala perfoliata Hemoprotozoan Diseases: Bovine Theileriosis, Babesiosis, Anaplasmosis & Trypanosomiasis (Surra) Ectoparasitic Infestations: Mange Acariasis (Sarcoptic, Psoroptic, Demodectic), Tick Vectors & Myiasis

Toxicology

2 Topics
General Principles of Toxicology: Toxicity Ratings, Toxicokinetics & Antidotal Therapeutics Phytotoxicoses & Plant Poisonings: Cyanide, Nitrates, Oxalates & Glucosides

Poultry Diseases

1 Topic
Avian Viral Respiratory & Systemic Diseases: Newcastle Disease (NDV), Avian Influenza & Infectious Bronchitis

Equine Reproduction

1 Topic
Stallion Reproduction: Andrology, Breeding Management, Copulation Duration & Semen AI

Veterinary Jurisprudence and Ethics

3 Topics
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PCA) Act 1960, Slaughter House Rules & Animal Transport Rules Indian Veterinary Council (IVC) Act 1984, State Council Regulations & Professional Ethics Animal Disease Control Legislation: Glanders and Farcy Act 1899, Dourine Act & Livestock Importation Act

Canine and Feline Reproduction

1 Topic
Canine Estrous Cycle: Vaginal Cytology & Progesterone Ovulation Timing

Special Therapeutic Approaches

3 Topics
Transfusion Medicine: Whole Blood, Packed RBCs, Cross-Matching, Transfusion Reactions & Stroma-Free Hb Oxygen Therapy, Mechanical Ventilation & Emergency Resuscitation in Large Animals Antimicrobial Stewardship, Pharmacokinetics in Disease States & Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration

Prevention and Control of Diseases

1 Topic
Principles of Infectious Disease Control: Quarantine, Segregation, Cordon Sanitaire & Biosecurity
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RPSC Agriculture Exams

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