Which of the following pre-heat treatments is used in the enumeration of mesophilic aerobic spore counts before conducting serial dilution and plating?
क्रमिक तनुकरण और प्लेटिंग करने से पहले मेसोफिलिक एरोबिक बीजाणु गणना (mesophilic aerobic spore counts) के निर्धारण में निम्नलिखित में से किस पूर्व-ऊष्मा उपचार (pre-heat treatment) का उपयोग किया जाता है?
Which of the following pre-treatments is required for the enumeration of thermoduric counts in milk?
दूध में थर्मोड्यूरिक गणना (thermoduric counts) के निर्धारण के लिए निम्नलिखित में से किस पूर्व-उपचार की आवश्यकता होती है?
A careful study on the types of organisms predominating in milk film during microscopic examination of a milk smear gives information on the sources of contamination. Possible cause of an excessive number of rod-shaped bacteria, especially sporeformers could be:
दूध के स्मीयर के सूक्ष्मदर्शीय परीक्षण के दौरान दूध की फिल्म में प्रमुख जीवों के प्रकारों का अध्ययन संदूषण के स्रोतों की जानकारी देता है। अत्यधिक संख्या में छड़ाकार जीवाणुओं, विशेषकर बीजाणु-निर्माताओं की उपस्थिति का संभावित कारण क्या हो सकता है?
Incubation parameters to get thermophilic count are:
थर्मोफिलिक (ऊष्माप्रेमी) जीवाणु गणना प्राप्त करने के लिए इनक्यूबेशन पैरामीटर क्या हैं?
Food & Milk Chemistry, Quality Testing and Adulteration Detection
9 Topics
Advanced Instrumental Analysis & Quality Control Standards
Physical & Physicochemical Properties of Milk
Milk Composition, Species Variation & Colostrum Chemistry
Milk Carbohydrates: Chemistry, Structure & Reactions of Lactose
Milk Adulteration Detection: Starch, Urea, Detergents, Neutralizers & Synthetic Milk
Analytical Methods: Fat, Solids-Not-Fat, Protein & Moisture Determination
Acid-Base Equilibria, Buffering Capacity & Redox Potential of Milk
Milk Salts & Mineral Equilibria: Calcium, Phosphate & Citrate Partitioning
Chemical Quality Evaluation & Rapid Platform Tests of Raw Milk
Fundamentals of Dairy Microbiology & Raw Milk Quality
9 Topics
Milk-Borne Pathogens, Food Infections, Intoxications & Bacterial Zoonoses
Spoilage Syndromes in Raw & Market Milk: Souring, Ropiness & Proteolysis
Psychrotrophic Microorganisms: Growth, Heat-Stable Enzymes & Chilled Milk Spoilage
Mastitis Microbiology, Detection Tests & Somatic Cell Count
Morphological, Physiological & Taxonomic Classification of Dairy Microorganisms
Natural Antimicrobial Systems in Milk & Inherent Defense Factors
Microbial Genetics, Plasmids & Gene Expression in Dairy Microflora
Sources & Control of Microbial Contamination in Raw Milk
Active
Thermoduric & Thermophilic Microflora: Survival & Heat-Induced Defects
Chemistry of Dairy Products
13 Topics
Chemistry of Concentrated & Dried Milks: Heat Stability & Age Thickening
Chemistry of Ghee: Manufacture, Thermal Oxidation, RM, Polenske & Iodine Values
Whey Proteins: Physicochemical Properties, Isolation & Heat Denaturation
Chemistry of Cheese: Rennet Coagulation Kinetics & Gel Formation
Chemistry of Cream & Butter: Churning Phase Inversion & Flavor Chemistry
Cheese Ripening Biochemistry: Proteolysis, Lipolysis & Glycolysis
Chemistry of Indigenous Dairy Products: Khoa, Paneer, Chhana & Ghee Residue
Milk Lipids: Triglyceride Structure, Fatty Acid Profile & Melting Characteristics
Lipid Auto-Oxidation, Hydroperoxide Formation & Antioxidant Mechanisms
Chemistry of Fermented Milks: Dahi, Yoghurt, Lassi & Cultured Products
Casein Micelle Chemistry: Subunit Composition, Structure & Stabilization
Chemistry of Ice Cream & Frozen Desserts: Emulsifiers, Stabilizers & Freezing
Milk Fat Globule Membrane (MFGM): Composition, Structure & Stability
Microbiology of Processed Dairy Products, Starters, Probiotics & Standards
11 Topics
Microbiological Criteria, Indicator Organisms & Regulatory Standards
Starter Genetics, Plasmids, Bacteriocins & Bacteriophage Resistance
Microbiology of Thermal Processing: Pasteurization, UHT & Sterilization
Microbiology of Concentrated, Dried & Frozen Dairy Products
Dairy Starter Cultures: Taxonomy, Morphology & Industrial Classifications
Starter Metabolism: Glycolysis, Hexose Monophosphate & Citrate Pathways
Dairy Plant Hygiene, Clean-in-Place (CIP) & Biofilm Eradication
Microbiology of Fermented Milks: Dahi, Yoghurt, Cultured Buttermilk & Kefir
Probiotics, Prebiotics & Synbiotics in Dairy Systems
Microbiology of Cheese: Starter Inoculation, Ripening Flora & Spoilage
Microbiological Testing Methods, Rapid Diagnostics & Bioassays
Official PYQ Papers
Previous Year Papers of Dairy Science
Practice official shift-wise question papers with answer keys and detailed explanations on the actual exam pattern.
3
Total Available
Previous Papers
2024
29-06-2024
ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Dairy Science
2023
14-07-2023
ICAR AIEEA PG Dairy Science 14 July 2023 Shift-1 Paper
2023
09-07-2023