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Covers topics from Horticulture Science ( Nursery Management)
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Self-assessment, revision aid, topic-wise practice, and confidence booster.
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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) with instant answers and explanations.
1. Which of the following is the most suitable soil type for a nursery, as per the text?
Clay soil
Sandy soil
Sandy loam soil
Black soil
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Correct Answer: Sandy loam soil Sandy loam soil, with its balanced texture, provides good drainage and aeration, crucial for optimal seedling growth in a nursery setting.
2. What is the recommended solution and rate for soil sterilization in a nursery?
2% Formaldehyde solution at 2-3 liters/meterยฒ
1% Formaldehyde solution at 4-5 liters/meterยฒ
0.5% Formalin solution at 6-7 liters/meterยฒ
1.5% Formalin solution at 3-4 liters/meterยฒ
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Correct Answer: 1% Formaldehyde solution at 4-5 liters/meterยฒ A 1% formaldehyde solution, applied at a rate of 4-5 liters per square meter, is effective for sterilizing nursery soil, eliminating harmful pathogens.
3. What is the ideal slope for a nursery bed to prevent water stagnation?
0.5%
1%
1.5%
2%
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Correct Answer: 1.5% A 1.5% slope in a nursery bed ensures adequate drainage, preventing waterlogging and promoting healthy root development.
4. Which pathogen is primarily responsible for causing damping-off disease in nurseries?
Rhizoctonia solani
Pythium aphanidermatum
Fusarium oxysporum
Phytophthora infestans
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Correct Answer: Pythium aphanidermatum Pythium aphanidermatum is a major fungal pathogen that causes damping-off, a common disease leading to seedling rot and decay in nurseries.
5. Which of the following is a symptom of damping-off disease?
Leaf spot
Root nodules
Yellowing of leaves
Rotting and decaying of new plants near the soil
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Correct Answer: Rotting and decaying of new plants near the soil Damping-off is characterized by the rotting and decaying of young plant tissues at the soil line, often leading to seedling death.
6. Which fungicides are recommended for seed treatment to control damping-off?
Bordeaux mixture
Captan/Thiram/Carbendazim
Neem oil
Streptomycin
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Correct Answer: Captan/Thiram/Carbendazim Captan, Thiram, and Carbendazim are effective fungicides used for seed treatment to prevent damping-off and protect young seedlings from fungal infections.
7. Which of the following fungicides is used as a spray to control damping-off in nurseries?
Captan
Mancozeb/Copper oxychloride
Thiram
Carbendazim
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Correct Answer: Mancozeb/Copper oxychloride Mancozeb and copper oxychloride are commonly sprayed to control damping-off, effectively managing the fungal pathogen and preventing its spread.
8. In which season is the flat bed method of nursery bed preparation typically adopted?
Monsoon
Winter
Spring and Summer
Autumn
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Correct Answer: Spring and Summer The flat bed method is best suited for spring and summer, when there is less risk of waterlogging, making it ideal for seedling development.
9. In which areas is the raised bed method most suitable for nursery bed preparation?
Arid regions
Low rainfall areas
High rainfall areas
Temperate regions
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Correct Answer: High rainfall areas Raised beds are designed for high rainfall areas to prevent water stagnation, ensuring that seedlings are not damaged by excessive moisture.
10. What is the primary purpose of using the sunken bed method in nursery preparation?
To increase soil temperature
To prevent water stagnation
To protect from frost and heat waves
To improve soil aeration
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Correct Answer: To protect from frost and heat waves Sunken beds provide insulation against extreme temperatures, protecting seedlings from frost and heat waves in dry and temperate climates.
11. Why are seeds of pea, ladyfinger, and cucurbitaceae not typically sown in a nursery?
They require very high temperatures
They are highly susceptible to damping-off
They have a large seed size
They have a very short germination period
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Correct Answer: They have a large seed size Pea, ladyfinger, and cucurbitaceae seeds are large, making direct sowing in the field more practical than raising seedlings in a nursery.
12. What is the general time of day recommended for transplanting seedlings?
Morning
Noon
Evening
Any time of day
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Correct Answer: Evening Transplanting in the evening reduces transpiration stress on seedlings, increasing their survival rate.
13. Approximately how many weeks after sowing are general vegetables typically ready for transplanting from the nursery?
1-2 weeks
4-6 weeks
8-10 weeks
12-14 weeks
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Correct Answer: 4-6 weeks Most general vegetables are ready for transplanting 4-6 weeks after sowing, when they have developed a strong enough root system.
14. What is the term used to describe the process of acclimating nursery plants to field conditions?
Hardening off
Transplanting
Grafting
Budding
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Correct Answer: Hardening off Hardening off is the process of gradually acclimating plants to outdoor conditions, increasing their tolerance to environmental stresses.
15. What nursery practice helps increase a plant's ability to tolerate adverse conditions before transplanting?
Increasing fertilization
Reducing irrigation
Increasing humidity
Applying growth hormones
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Correct Answer: Reducing irrigation Reducing irrigation before transplanting helps plants develop drought tolerance, increasing their survival in the field.
16. Which of the following is a common adverse climatic condition that affects horticultural crops?
High humidity
Moderate rainfall
Frost
Constant sunlight
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Correct Answer: Frost Frost, characterized by temperatures at or below 0ยฐC, can severely damage horticultural crops by freezing plant cell water.
17. Which chemical solution is used as a spray to protect plants from frost?
Sodium chloride
Sulphuric acid
Nitric acid
Hydrochloric acid
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Correct Answer: Sulphuric acid A 0.1% sulphuric acid spray can help protect plants from frost damage by lowering the freezing point of water in plant tissues.
18. What is the hot wind that blows in North-West India during May and June called?
Monsoon
Cyclone
Loo
Typhoon
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Correct Answer: Loo Loo is a term for the hot, dry wind that occurs in North-West India during the summer months, causing significant stress to plants.
19. Which of the following is an anti-transparent material that acts as a reflecting type?
Atrazine
Silicon
Keoline
Cycocel
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Correct Answer: Keoline Keoline, when sprayed on plants, forms a white film that reflects sunlight, reducing transpiration.
20. What is the primary purpose of water drainage in horticulture?
To increase soil moisture
To prevent excessive rainfall
To prevent water stagnation
To increase humidity
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Correct Answer: To prevent water stagnation Water drainage is crucial for preventing water stagnation, which can lead to root rot and other issues in horticultural crops.
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